344 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



was made for a brief history of the smoke nuisance in Europe 

 and in the United States, and for an exhaustive bibliography 

 of the subject, surpassing in scope and thoroughness anything 

 hitherto published. 



Eight Bulletins have so far been published, giving the results 

 arrived at in particular branches of this investigation, and of 

 these No. 3 on the Psychological Aspects of the Smoke Problem, 

 No. 4 on the Economic Cost of Pittsburg Smoke, No. 5 on the 

 Meteorological Aspect of the Smoke Problem, and No. 7 on The 

 Effect of Soot in Smoke on Vegetation, will be found most interest- 

 ing by readers of this journal. Professor Wallace IVallin, Ph.D., 

 Director of the Psychological Clinic of the University, is the 

 compiler and author of Bulletin No. 3, and his statements : 



1. That sunshine is an important bio-dynamic agent ; 



2. That it promotes anabolism, transpiration, and perspira- 



tion, and increases the percentage of haemoglobin ; 



3. That the blue and ultra-violet rays of sunshine exert 



a bactericidal effect on pathogenic bacteria, and a 

 tonic, vitalising influence upon the human organism ; 



4. That sunshine exerts an exuberant influence on the 



feelings ; 



will be endorsed no doubt by the majority of scientific men 

 in this country. 



Mr. J. J. O'Connor, the statistician who is responsible for the 

 figures given in Bulletin No. 4, estimates Pittsburg's loss by 

 smoke and dirt at $9, 04.4.J40, equal to £1,988,950 per annum, or 

 £5 135. per head of the population. 



Prof Kimball, of the United States Weather Bureau, who 

 has contributed Bulletin No. 5 to the series of publications, 

 states that the chemical action of daylight in Pittsburg is only 

 60 per cent, of what it is in Sewickley, a neighbouring small 

 residential town, and that, in general, the chemical intensity 

 of sunlight in cities is 25 percent, less than it is in small towns. 



Mr. J. F. Clevenger, the compiler of Bulletin No. 7, gives 

 details of the experimental observations made by him in certain 

 of the public parks of Chicago, in Pittsburg and its vicinity, 

 and also along the railroad between Pittsburg and Tyrone. 

 Specific observations were made also at State College and in 

 its vicinity. The conclusions at which he arrives are, that soot 

 is poisonous to vegetation, especially to pines, and that the 



