REVIEWS 365 



matters, the second with somatology (i.e., with the anatomy of the soft parts 

 that can be studied in the living subject), the third with craniology, and the last 

 with the skeleton other than the skull. An admirable feature in Parts III and IV 

 is the full treatment of fossil skeletons, both of Homo sapiens and of Homo 

 neanderfalensis It is most gratifying to find full details of the osteology of both 

 living and fossil races in the same volume. We infer that the bulk of the book 

 had gone to press before the Piltdovvn discovery was made known to the world, 

 for there are only brief references to Eoa?ithropns. We think it should have 

 been possible to append notes on this skull. There are constant references to the 

 unimportant Galley Hill skeleton, but the more interesting " Ipswich man" is not 

 discussed, which is regrettable, because we should have liked to have known 

 Prof. Martin's views upon that specimen's singular tibia. 



Another excellent feature is the constant linking up of the details of man's 

 structure with the corresponding points in the anatomy of the living apes, and even 

 of the living monkeys and lemurs. The author fails, however, to see the im- 

 portance of the fossil apes and largely ignores them. Although only fragments 

 of the fossil Simiidse are known, those fragments are of the greatest evolutionary 

 significance. For instance, the remarkable femur found in the Pliocene at Eppels- 

 heim, and variously described as Paidopithex or Dryopitheciis, ought to have been 

 included in the table on page 1018, especially as its form contrasts sharply with 

 that found in the living higher apes. Even where the author does refer to the 

 fossil apes, he is apt to blunder. Thus in his table of the Anthropoidea on pages 

 10 and n he includes Propliopithcais and Pliopithecus with the higher apes* 

 and not in the Hylobatidas, where they really belong, a mistake which is apparently 

 due to carelessness, since the position of these apes is correctly stated in another 

 place. Parapithecus, which Schlosser makes the type of a new family, is omitted 

 from the table altogether, though it is mentioned subsequently in a footnote. 



There is a good summary of what is known of prehistoric man in Part I. 

 Prof. Martin thinks, with many French paleontologists, that Homo sapiens did 

 not appear until after the Wiirmian (or fourth) Ice-Age, but in a text-book 

 intended for students he ought to have explained the alternative paleolithic time- 

 table, which places the apparition of H sapiens in the Third Inter-glacial Epoch. 

 This alternative scheme may or may not be right, but it is more generally accepted 

 than the one set out on page 14, and a student, as we say, should be taught both. 



There is an immense bibliography, covering 100 pages, but the index is very 

 inadequate. 



A. G. Thacker. 



Untersuclmngeri iiber Chlorophyll Methoden und Ergebnisse. By R. 

 Willstatter and A. Stoll. [Pp. 419, 16 text figures, and 11 plates.] 

 (Berlin : Julius Springer, 1913. Price 20s. 6d.) 



It is difficult to express in brief terms the contents of a book like this, which gives 

 a comprehensive statement of the methods and results of the classical series 

 of experiments that have been carried out by Willstatter and his co-workers 

 during the last ten years. Probably no finer example could be found of the light 

 that chemistry can throw upon complex biological problems or of the methods 

 by which success can be achieved in difficult fields of work. Every chapter 

 illustrates the care with which the work has been carried out ; seldom probably 

 has a greater piece of work in biochemistry been carried out in which speculation 

 has been so rigidly restrained and made to wait upon the careful establishment of 



