A STUDY OF THE BEHAVIOR OF THE CROW 109 



as also of number 4, in reentering the same compartment was 

 surprising. Examples of this are trials three, twenty-one, twenty- 

 four, thirty-eight, forty-nine, fifty-nine, sixty-four, and so on, 

 for number 3. 



By the time number 3 had been given one hundred trials, a 

 habit of always going to the first compartment at the left, and 

 after receiving the punishment of confinement in the compart- 

 ment, entering the one next in order, had become fairly well 

 fixed. For some of the settings, this habit developed earlier 

 than for others. For instance, in settings Nos. 1 and 9, 7-9, 

 this particular reactive tendency appeared first in the thirty- 

 ninth trial, again in the sixty-first, and in the seventy-ninth, 

 when it seems to have been accepted as the most satisfactory 

 method of reacting, and appears as a habit for almost two hundred 

 trials. 



With setting No. 2, 6-9, this same reactive tendency appears 

 definitely at about the ninety-second trial; for setting No. 3, 

 2-7, at about the one hundred and fifty-fifth; for No. 4, 4-7, at 

 the one hundred and twenty-sixth; for No. 5, 1-6, at the one 

 hundred and twenty-sixth; for No. 6, 5-9, at the one hundred and 

 sixty-eighth; for No. 8, 3-8, at the one hundred and twentieth; 

 for No. 10, 2-5, at the one hundred and forty-second; but for 

 No. 7, 1-9, neither this tendency nor any other became well 

 established during the five hundred trials. 



In the fifty trials, one hundred and fifty-one to two hundred 

 inclusive, the habit of entering the first compartment at the 

 left, and next the adjacent one, which of course was also the 

 correct one, appeared thirty-eight times. In ten of these fifty 

 trials, the right compartment was entered immediately, and in the 

 remaining two trials, the compartment first entered was the 

 second from the right instead of the second from the left end 

 of the group. 



From trials two hundred and forty to two hundred and fifty, 

 a new reactive tendency began to appear. This shortly replaced 

 the one just described. Previously, number 3, when it came 

 out of the first compartment at the left, turned sharply to its 

 left and entered the second compartment, the right one, but 

 now instead of turning to its left, it began to turn to its right, 

 with the result that it faced the compartment which it had just 

 left. Formerly, it had always met with reward when, after 



