RECENT ADVANCES IN SCIENCE 53 



materials, such as fat and protein, sets in, and a large amount 

 of energy is set free. " This energy is used in reshaping the 

 reserve stuffs into complex protein bodies, the spores." 



ZOOLOGY. By Prof. Chas. H. O'Donoghue, D.Sc, F.Z.S., University 

 of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. 



Protozoa. — Dobell has written " On Oxnerella maritima, nov. 

 gen., nov. spec, a New Heliozoon and its Method of Division ; 

 with Some Remarks on the Centroplast of the Heliozoa " {Quart. 

 Journ. Micro. Sci. vol. lxii. Pt. 4, Dec. 191 7). This new form 

 belongs to the same group as Actinosphosrium but differs con- 

 siderably from any other member indeed to such an extent as 

 to justify regarding it as belonging to a separate genus. It is 

 uninucleate, generally spherical in form and of a mean diameter 

 of 1 4 p. A detailed account of its division, which is somewhat 

 similar to that of Acanthocystis, is given, particular reference 

 being made to the nucleus and the " central granule " for 

 which the author proposes the name of centroplast. This 

 body plays the part of the centrosome in a metazoon cell, but 

 has other functions in addition, so that it is suggested that 

 it is not strictly accurate to regard the two structures as 

 analogous but only as homologous. 



Another Heliozoon is dealt with by Doflein in " Studien zur 

 Naturgeschichte der Protozoen : IX. Rhizochrysis, eine Uber- 

 gangsform unter den niederen Protozoen " (Zoolog. Jahrb. 

 191 7). This is a well-illustrated description of a little-known 

 form of a genus first described by Scherffell in 190 1. A very 

 complete account is given not only of its structure and mode 

 of life, but also of its division, of which a very full series of stages 

 was obtained. The present species is apparently new and 

 named Rhizochrysis pascheri. Its main interest, perhaps, lies 

 in the fact that it is a member of the Chrysomonadina, and 

 is one of the forms that has a good deal in common with the 

 Rhizopoda, and so is undoubtedly a lowly member of the 

 Heliozoa. According to the author it recalls most nearly the 

 Vampyrellidae. 



Other papers include : " New Facts and Views Concerning 

 the Occurrence of a Sexual Process in the Myxosporidian Life 

 Cycle" by Erdmann (Amer. Naturalist, Dec. 191 7). 



Invertebrata. — Under the title of " Worm Nodules in Cattle " 



