REVIEWS 157 



enteric fever, and died on August 26, 191 3. His collection of photographs was 

 left to the Yorkshire Philosophical Society, and, under their auspices, this supple- 

 mentary volume has been issued. The text which accompanies the plates is 

 written by Dr. Bonney, who has also acted as editor. 



Recent eruptions of European volcanoes — of Stromboli in 1904, Vesuvius in 

 1906, and Etna in 1908 — provide several illustrations. But the most interesting 

 photographs in the volume are perhaps those of the Souffriere in St. Vincent, 

 Mount Pelee in St. Martinique, and Krakatau. Those of the Souffriere and Mont 

 Pelee were taken in 1907, five years after the great eruptions, and show the 

 forms of the craters and the effects of recent denudation. Krakatau was visited 

 during Anderson's last journey in 1913. The photographs then taken illustrate 

 the cliffs formed during the eruption of 1883, and the return of rich vegetation 

 during the interval of thirty years. 



The text differs from that of its predecessor in its more personal tone. Dr. 

 Bonney's interesting accounts are founded partly on studies of the eruptions by 

 various investigators, and partly on the notes made at the time by Dr. Anderson 

 and his companions in travel. They are brief, but they contain all that is essential 

 for the understanding of the plates. The only noticeable omission is that of refer- 

 ence to the eruption of Taal Volcano (Luzon) in 191 1, in which, owing to the 

 absence of timely precautions, more than 1,200 persons lost their lives. 



To the geologist the illustrations will be even more interesting than those of 

 the earlier volume. They represent volcanic phenomena in more distant and 

 somewhat inaccessible lands ; they enable us to realise the rapid effects of denuda- 

 tion on recently ejected materials. As photographs, however, they are, as a rule, 

 inferior. In several plates the detail in the shadow is obscure. In every 

 photographer's collection there are negatives taken under poor conditions on the 

 principle that a photograph taken then may be better than none at all. But Dr. 

 Anderson was an artist as well as a student of volcanoes, and if he had lived to 

 make the selection some of the pictures here reproduced would probably have 

 remained in the privacy of his own collection. There are, however, many of 

 which any photographer might be proud, and several which, if the right of repro- 

 duction is allowed, will enrich our textbooks of the future. 



The introductory memoir by Mr. George Yeld, which is reprinted with 

 additions from the Alpine Journal, gives the impression, so vivid to all who knew 

 Dr. Anderson, of an enthusiastic labourer in his chosen branch of science, and of 

 a man who, both in his private and professional life, never lost an opportunity of 

 doing a kindly action. 



C D. 



BOTANY 



The Anatomy of Woody Plants. By Edward Charles Jeffrey. [Pp. x + 478, 

 with 306 illustrations.] (Chicago : The University of Chicago Press, 1917. 

 Price $4 net.) 



This work scarcely falls into the category of textbooks, and, indeed, its chief 

 value and interest is due to the method of presentation. The anatomical details 

 of the vascular plants are described, but not so much for their own sake as in 

 illustration of the trend of evolution or as evidence in support of some hypothesis. 

 The method adopted is largely comparative, and particular stress is laid on the 

 historical data furnished by the fossil record. 



The first half of the book is occupied by an account of the tissues and organs 

 from the anatomical standpoint, whilst the remainder is devoted to a consideration 



