338 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



chemical students passing through their hands those who show mechanical 

 aptitudes in any particular way." 



The discussion shows that the chemical industry, like many other industries, 

 is built up in the main in three different sections — scientific, commercial, and 

 industrial. It should be abundantly clear " that no one course of training " can 

 possibly serve all three sections. It must be made equally clear that chemists, if 

 they wish to be classed as engineers, must conform to the practical engineering 

 training required by the engineering institutions of this country — no wholly 

 academic training will be either adequate or acceptable. 



Many of our leading engineers have had a good chemical training ; they would 

 not, however, be classified as " chemical engineers." In the same way many 

 of our leading industrial chemists have an excellent knowledge of engineering 

 requirements, but they would not classify themselves as " engineer chemists." 



If the universities and university colleges fixed a definite standard of chemical 

 knowledge as necessary before allowing a student to enter their school of 

 chemistry, a much-needed step in the right direction would have been made. 

 This country's experience during the last few years indicates that we require 

 chemists with a better and higher knowledge of chemistry. It would be much 

 better — on Sir George Beilby's lines — to allow the chemist to keep to his 

 chemistry. 



Prof. Donnan's outline scheme is hopeless — the production would be a bad 

 chemist and an impossible engineer. 



On the other hand Sir George Beilby's suggestions should be taken most 

 seriously into consideration. In effect he more than hints that the debt left by the 

 war will mean efficiency in the very highest degree — that chemists must be better 

 chemists, that enginears must be better engineers, that some chemists, after 

 a three years' training, if properly shepherded by their instructors, may be guided 

 into important work, bridging the gulf between chemistry and engineering. The 

 manager of a chemical works may or may not be a chemist — may or may not be 

 an engineer — he must be a man of " administrative ability." 



Sir George points to a "very real danger" — viz. "the development of un- 

 balanced proposals for the training of the future leaders and workers in industry." 



We quite agree. 



J. Wemyss Anderson. 



Aeronautics in Theory and Experiment. By W. L. Cowley, A.R.C.Sc, 

 D.I.C. and H. Levy, M.A., B.Sc, F.R.S.E. [Pp. xii + 284, with 130 

 figures and four folding plates.] (London : Edward Arnold, 1918. Price 

 ids. net.) 



Of the great developments — scientific and practical— that have followed the 

 outbreak of war, a leading position would, without question, be given to aircraft 

 of all kinds. The history and details of this particular development must be given 

 at the right time, but it is a matter for congratulation that what can safely be 

 written of the science of aeronautics to-day, has found such able exponents as the 

 authors of the volume under consideration — as the treatment of the subject is 

 both scientific and practical. 



The introduction touches on the subdivision of aircraft and the functions of the 

 various parts of an aeroplane together with an outline of aeronautical research. 

 The remainder of the book is divided into five parts — the first part dealing with 

 fluid motion and the problem of applying the results obtained on models to 

 the full-sized machine. The second part deals with the aerofoil and also the 



