TREES & SHRUBS OF LONaVLA & KARL A GROVES. 283 



CELASTRINEyE. 



Celastrus paniculata, Willd. Kangani, 



A very common climber ; bark smooth, with gray spots, foliage 

 shining ; flowers in loose, drooping panicles, small, white ; fruits copious, 

 bright yellow. 



Gymnosporia emarginata, Grah. Yenkli. 



A coarse, strong, spinose shrub. Leaves leathery. Flowers small, 

 in clusters from tubercles on the branches ; fruits bright red, white on 

 the inner sides of the valves, seeds yellowish. 



Rhamne/E. 

 Ventilago madraspatana, Gcertn. Kan vel. 



A climber, reaching the tops of the tallest trees, stem attaining 3 feet 

 in girth. Fruit pea-shaped at base expanding upwards into an oblong, 

 membranous wing. This is common in all the woods. In Lonavla 

 wood, the lower parts of the stems, dragged down by their own weight 

 lie along the ground or form fantastic loops and knots. 

 Zizyphus rugosa, Lamh. Toran, 



A large, straggling, armed shrub, climbing when opportunity occurs. 

 Fruit light yellow, sloe-like in taste, but rather too dry to be palatable. 



Sapindace^e. 

 Allophylus Cobbe, Blume. Tivat. 



At Karla wood there is a small tree of this, 1 2 feet high, stem clear 

 for 8 feet, girth 10 inches. Standing in the open as this plant does, it 

 must grow erect, but in thickets, where it is most usually found, it 

 prefers to exist as a climber. 



Schleichera trijuga, Willd. Kosim. 



Only small plants of this seen in the woods. 



Anacardiace^e. 

 Mangifera indica, Linn. Amba ; Mango. 



The largest specimens are at Karla, height 50 feet, stem clear for 

 12 feet, girth 10 to 13 feet. The villagers rick their straw on the 

 branches exactly as I have seen in Kashmir and Chumba. The fruit 

 produced is said to be very indifferent and the people endanger their 

 health by eating it very unripe. One variety bears small fruits in 

 bunches of 10 and 12, but no one could give me its vernacular name. 

 Trees standing in the open are terribly infested with Loranthi, and borino 

 insects readily enter lopped surfaces and wounds, so that most of the 

 large trees are hollow. The position occupied by dead and goua 

 parasites are indicated by large swellings on the branches. 



16 



