THE ANOPHELES OF KARWAR (NORTH KANARA). 329 



the concave margin the membrane becomes expanded, forming a 

 crinoline-like structure ; and in this expanded portion it does not show 

 the cellular structure described above, but is made up of fibrous rib-like 

 processes running to the free margin. The free margin is coarsely 

 toothed (vide Plate, figs. 6c and 6d). 



The pupa of this species and of A. barbirostris shows striking differ- 

 ences from the pupa? of all other forms hitherto examined. The most 

 marked difference lies in the "breathing-horns": the tube, before 

 expansion, arches up over the dorsum of the thorax almost meeting 

 that of the opposite side in the mid-line, and is then bent back on itself 

 at right angles to the dorso-ventral plane of the pupa, thereby becom- 

 ing inverted U-shaped ; it then expands into a cavity somewhat re- 

 sembling in shape an open mussel-shell, the free margin being split- 

 centrally, the cleft running well into the cavity so as to increase the 

 abovementioned resemblance. The cavity extends back into the 

 U-shaped stem (vide Plate, figs. 6a and 6b). The structure and shape 

 of the " horns " can only be made out by examining pupse in the recent 

 state as, in preserved specimens, it is impossible to fix the pupa in such 

 a position as to examine it from above. In all mounted specimens in 

 the author's collection the " horns " are seen to be more or less 

 collapsed. It is more than probable that these species can completely 

 close up the cavity of the " horn " when necessary. 



In addition to this difference in " horns, " the hairs on the segmental 

 margins are in many cases compound and always of a very dark colour. 

 It would appear that this marked divergence from the usual type should 

 place these species in a separate genus. 



was found breeding in the same type of water as the 



A harbi- preceding, and at the same season. The imago was 

 rostris, van der only found in houses on two or three occasions. The 

 Wulp, } arva was verv common. The characters of the pupa 



have been described above. The males of this species show a constant 

 variation from those described by Giles, and others under the same 

 name, in the palpi always having a narrow but well marked band of 

 white scales at the apex of the first segment, as well as two patches of 

 white scales on the bulb, one near the apex, and the other at the base, 

 was always found to be abundant. The enveloping 



A. Rossi membrane of the egg of this species does not show 

 Giles, nearly so regular a structure with regard to the 



cells as those of A. nigerrimus and A. barhirostris. 



