RECENT NEUROLOGICAL PROGRESS. 277 



though he breathes and his heart beats the muscles 

 in his limbs lie slack ; amoeba has more of consciousness 

 though less of nervous action. Between lowest and 

 high nervous action stretches a realm which language, 

 impotent to describe it, denominates baldly in three 

 zones, Empfindzmg, Wahrnehmung, Vorstellung. This 

 domain during recovery from chloroform is in the space 

 of a few minutes reacquired, but its extent is vast. The 

 reactions of the existences banished by Goltz to life- 

 long wandering therein inform us of its nearly unknown 

 scenery and give some measure of the huge monotony. 

 The question arises, Which zone ? Certainly not the 

 ultimate. 



How subtle the wealth of higher reactions lost and to 

 how large a degree these lie obscured from our observation 

 in the laboratory is taught by Goltz's work with unique 

 force. The work emphasises further the relatively huge 

 quantity of nerve-material engaged by elaboration of the 

 crowning reactions. 



In the dogs studied by Goltz not only the spinal cord 

 and bulb but the cerebellum still remained. Those dogs 

 are assuredly not too harshly entitled "imbecile". They 

 lived devoid of memory, attention, and probably of all pre- 

 cision of sensation. It is not surprising then to find that 

 from his observations on the results of extirpation of the 

 cerebellum Luciani l should gather no evidence inferring in 

 it the "highest level" reactions of the nervous system. 

 Eight years of patient investigation lead him to connect 

 this organ almost solely with muscular innervation, more 

 especially with that proceeding via the so-called "motor 

 region " of the opposite cerebral hemisphere. 



He found that simple severance of the cerebellum into 

 its two lateral halves produces barely any perceptible effect 

 upon motility and none whatever on sensation. On the 

 other hand lesions to either side the median longitudinal 

 plane produce remarkable disorder. Thus after simple 



1 77 Cervelletto, Florence, November, 1891. 



