334 SCIENCE PROGRESS. 



i. Brackish beds of Molt. — Marls and sands. Probably Aquita- 

 nian, or the extreme base of the Miocene. 



2. Sands of Loibersdorf. — -Mostly marine, but still contain beds with 



Potamides, etc. 



3. Sands of Gaudemdorf. — Rich marine fauna; in general identical 



with that of Stage II. in the Rhone Valley. 



4. Marly calcareous horizon of Eggenburg. — Overlaps the last. 



Contains Pecten praescabriusculus and represents Stage III. of 

 the Rhone. 



5. Scklier. — Blue clays with sandy beds. Molluscan fauna poor. 



Probably the equivalent of the lower part of IV. 

 Second Mediterranean Stage. — Rests upon the Schlier in the extra- 

 Alpine part of the Danube basin and with the Schlier penetrates into the 

 infra-Alpine or Vienna basin properly so called. 



1. Horizon of Gnind. Sands and clays with marine fauna, includ- 



ing some species of the first stage. A few brackish forms. 

 Probably corresponds with the upper part of IV. in the Rhone 

 Valley. 



2. Upper beds. — Deposits of very varied character, the relations of 



which are not clear. Deperet believes that he can distinguish 

 two assises, viz. : — ■ 



(a) Leithakalk. — Marly limestones with sandy bands. Largely 

 made up of nullipores, bryozoa, foraminifera, etc. 

 Littoral. 

 (/>) Clays of Baden. 

 Sarmatian. — Brackish and uniform fauna characterised by abundance 

 of Cerit/iium. Trochus podolicus, Donax lucida, etc., are characteristic 

 forms. 



Pontian. 



1. Beds with Congeria sub-globosa. — Mela/iopsis, Congeria. Brackish. 



2. Belvedere gravels. — Fluviatile. Sands and pebbles which form a 



kind of carpet over the whole basin. 



Hence in Austria also the series commences with brack- 

 ish deposits ; and the beds become more and more marine 

 in character till we reach the second Mediterranean stage ; 

 while the Sarmatian and Pontian denote the return of brack- 

 ish and, finally, of fluviatile conditions. 



In Switzerland we have : — 



A. Aquitanian. — Brackish ; with Potamides, Helix Ba/nondi, etc. 



B. Grey molasse of Lausanne. — Fresh-water sands with a rich flora. 



The mammalian remains show a certain approach to the 

 Oligocene type. 



C. Marine molasse. — The Lausanne beds pass up insensibly into 



sandstones which contain Pecten praescabriusculus, etc., in the 



