FUNCTIONS OF MOTOR AND SENSORY NERVES 99 



And the experiment on the asses follows suit ; they are 

 altered to fit the altered text. The thrown ass of 1821 (p. 413) 

 whose portio dura had been divided on one side "ate without 

 the slightest impediment." 



In 1824 Bell tells us about this same ass that the motion ot 

 eating would have been obviously defective had the same nerve 

 of the opposite side been cut. 



In 1830 (p. 73) no more is said about the ass eating at all. 



This was the first ox portio dura ass, not to be confused with 

 Bell's second or superior maxillary ass, which also underwent 

 transformation. 



In 1821 (p. 413) this second ass, after division of the supra- 

 maxillary nerve, had " such obvious loss of motion of the lips in 

 eating that it was thought a useless cruelty to cut the other 

 branches of the fifth." By 1824 (p. 107) Bell had realised that 

 what he had attributed in 1821 to loss of motion was in fact due 

 to loss of sensation. And in 1836 (p. 52) Bell remembers that 

 " In my first experiments the loss of sensibility of the lips was 

 so obvious that it was thought a useless cruelty to cut the other 

 branches of the fifth." 



Now as Bell never claims to have made any but these first 

 experiments, his allusion to subsequent experiments by which 

 his views might have been corrected is mere verbiage. And 

 seriously speaking no man of science could ever have tampered 

 with his own reports of his own experiments as Bell did : his 

 testimony is worthless. 



Bell's Second Paper, 1822. — The Respiratory Nerve of the Face 



Bell's second paper to the Royal Society deals entirely with 

 his theory of a distinct respiratory system of nerves and more 

 especially with the portio dura of the seventh or respiratory 

 nerves of the face. It is republished in the Exposition ot 

 1824 with the slight alterations that might be expected from 

 the alterations made to the fifth nerve. In 182 1 the fifth is 

 motor-and-sensory and the seventh {portio dura)— in a peculiar 

 fashion as a superadded or respiratory nerve — is also motor- 

 and-sensory. In 1824 the fifth is sensory and the seventh motor. 



The principal idea brought forward by Bell in this second 

 communication to the Royal Society of 1822 is that of the 

 respiratory system of nerves arising from a lateral column 



