490 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



And we have good friends at court in the members of the New 

 York Zoological, the Audubon and other societies, in Mr. 

 Roosevelt, himself an ardent conserver of wild life and in Mr. 

 Bryce, who is an ex-president of the Alpine Club and a devoted 

 lover of nature. Immediate steps should be taken to link our 

 own bird sanctuaries with the splendid American chain of them 

 which runs round the Gulf of Mexico and up the Atlantic coast 

 to within easy reach of the boundary line. Corresponding 

 international chains up the Mississippi and along the Pacific 

 would be of immense benefit to all species and more particularly 

 to those unfortunate ones which are forced to migrate down 

 along the shore and back by the middle of the continent, thus 

 running the deadly gauntlet both by land and sea. 



Inland sanctuaries are more difficult to choose and manage. 

 A deer sanctuary might answer near James Bay. Fur sanctuaries 

 must also be in some fairly accessible places, on the seaward 

 sides of the various heights-of-land and not too far in. The 

 evergreen stretches of the Eastman river have several favourable 

 spots. What is needed most is an immediate examination by a 

 trained zoologist. The existing information should be brought 

 together and carefully digested for him in advance. There are 

 the Dominion, Provincial and Newfoundland official reports ; 

 the Hudson Bay Company, the Moravian missionaries ; Dr. 

 Robert Bell, Mr. A. P. Low, Mr. D. I. V. Eaton, Dr. Grenfell, 

 Dr. Hare, Mr. Napoleon Comeau, not to mention previous 

 writers, like Packard, McLean and Cartwright — a whole host of 

 original authorities. But their work has never been thoroughly 

 co-ordinated from a zoological point of view. A form of 

 sanctuary suggested for the fur-bearing Yukon is well worth 

 considering. It consists in opening and closing the country by 

 alternate sections, like crops and fallow land in farming. The 

 Indians have followed this method for generations, dividing the 

 family hunting grounds into three parts, hunting each in rotation 

 and always leaving enough to breed back the numbers. But the 

 pressure of the grab-all policy from outside may become 

 irresistible. 



The one great point to remember is that there is no time to 

 lose in beginning conservation by protecting every species in at 

 least two separate localities. 



A word as to the management and wardens. Two zoologists 

 and twenty men afloat and the same number ashore could 



