VERTEBRATE PALAEONTOLOGY IN 191 1 563 



legs comparatively short and thick. The dentition, together 

 with other anatomical features of the skeleton, suggests an 

 animal whose habitat was among shrubs and vegetation along 

 streams and other bodies of water." 



Turning to the equine group, considerable interest attaches 

 to the description by Dr. Studer, in Verh. deutsch. Zool. Ges. 

 1910-11, pp. 192-200, of a new species of three-toed horse 

 {Hipparion proboscideum) from the Upper Tertiary of the Isle 

 of Samos, characterised by the unusual development of the 

 premaxillary bones of the upper jaw. From this feature the 

 author believes the species in question to have been furnished 

 with a short trunk, like that of a tapir; he is also led to the 

 conclusion that the preorbital pit of so many extinct horses — 

 very generally regarded as a receptacle for a face-gland or 

 larmier— really served for the attachment of muscles connected 

 with a proboscis, which is considered to have been developed in 

 all the earlier members of the group. 



In this place mention may be made of the genus Hyper- 

 hippidium established in 19 10, although not referred to in my 

 review for that year, by Mr. Sefoe {Stockholm Vet. Ak. Handl. 

 vol. xlvi. No. 2), for Onohippidium peruanum, from the Pleistocene 

 deposits of Peru. The genus Onohippidium, it will be 

 remembered, is typified by a small horse-like animal from the 

 Pampean formation of Buenos Aires, characterised by the great 

 length of the nasal bones and slits together with the huge size 

 of the double preorbital pit. The Peruvian form is stated to 

 possess skull-characters worthy of generic distinction but I 

 have not myself seen the original paper. 



Brief mention must suffice for an article by Prof. H. F. 

 Osborn {Science, vol. xxxiii. pp. 825-8) on continuity in develop- 

 ment among the members of the extinct North American 

 perissodactyle family Titanotheriidce. 



Reference has been already made to Mr. Niezabitowski's 

 description of the mummified carcase of a mammoth from the 

 ozokerit deposits of Galicia ; and bare mention will suffice for 

 an article by Mr. Klein {Schr. physik. Ges. Konigsberg, vol. li. pp. 

 47-55) on the occurrence of the same species in Eastern Prussia, 

 and for a second by Mr. Harle {Bull. Soc. Geol. France, ser. 4, 

 vol. x. pp. 163-5) on tne occurrence of the mammoth in le 

 Sable des Landes, France. 



Of more importance is a note by Dr. G. Schlesinger (Monats- 



