FOSSIL ALGsS. 45 



Graf zu Solms-Laubach and others the better part of the 

 interpretation of the matter. The best defined forms, such 

 as Polytrypa from the Grobkalk (Eocene) = the existing 

 Cymopolia ; Uteria of the same type from the Lower 

 Eocene ; Haploporella of the type of Neomeris and Zitte- 

 lina and Terquemella answering to our Bornetella of the 

 present day ; the more puzzling Thyrsoporella and Prattia, 

 Marginoporella, Dactylopora, etc., are all Tertiary and 

 chiefly Eocene but occur also in Oligocene and Miocene 

 deposits. Of the same age is Acicularia, a genus closely 

 allied to our modern Acetabular ia, and Ovulites, which 

 Munier-Chalmas thinks near Penicillus (a Siphonaceous 

 genus outside Dasycladece) but Solms-Laubach justly de- 

 termines to be close to Cympolia. One may anticipate most 

 hopefully the certain extension of this series backward 

 through Cretaceous, Jurassic and Triassic rocks, and re- 

 cognition of such forms as Mwiieria, Triploporella, Gyro- 

 porella and Diplopora annulata (see Gumbel, 13) referred 

 to above, as members of the same series. These forms 

 from the Secondary rocks, however, are fewer and much 

 less definite, but a most fertile field has been opened up 

 here for further investigation, and its fruits are for the 

 cautious investigator, who above all knows his living 

 Algae. 



In the Tertiary rocks we have then representatives 

 of the corallines, Siphonacece, Characece and many diatom 

 deposits, and to these may be added the possible Cystoseirce 

 (Fucacece) of the Radoboj beds (Oligocene). 



The Quaternary rocks continue the history of fossil dia- 

 toms and Characece, and our record closes with Borge's dis- 

 covery (14) in the glacial clays of the Island of Gotland of 

 a number of Desmids identical with types now alive in the 

 Arctic regions. 



The two papers by Mr. James (15 and 16) are mainly 

 of bibliographical interest. He has made a study of the 

 wrecked genus Fucoides, its origination by Brongniart, and 

 the numerous additions made to it at various times. The 

 palaeontologist will be glad of this service, since the " prob- 

 lematic organisms " in question are often as obscure in 



