258 SCIENCE PROGRESS. 



loss during the operations in hatching being thus extremely 

 small, viz., only 4/4 per cent., a success largely due to the 

 unceasing care of Dr. Fulton, Superintendent of scientific 

 investigations of the Board, and to the enthusiasm and 

 practical skill of Mr. Harald Dannevig, who had charge of 

 the establishment. This result contrasts favourably with 

 any hitherto obtained, especially when it is remembered 

 that everything was new at Dunbar. If we, for instance, 

 examine the American experiments at Wood's Holl during 

 the season 1S89-90, it is found that three thousand four 

 hundred and three adult cod had been collected and retained 

 in tidal-basins and live-cars for spawning purposes. Many 

 of these, however, died or became blind, leaving at the end 

 of the spawning-season only one thousand adults. From 

 this large number of fishes, only eight million five hundred 

 and forty-five thousand seven hundred ova were obtained, 

 the mortality, further, during the hatching process being 

 about 30 per cent., so that five million eight hundred and 

 sixty-one thousand one hundred larvae (fry) were liberated 

 in the adjoining sea. Even a larger loss occurred in the 

 case of one million one hundred and thirty-eight thousand 

 two hundred ova of the haddock, for only five hundred and 

 twenty-eight thousand larvae were produced. A better re- 

 sult, however, took place with five million eight hundred 

 and forty-one thousand one hundred eggs of a flat-fish 

 (probably Psctidopleuronectes), since four million and eighty- 

 six thousand seven hundred larval fishes were obtained for 

 liberation. At Dildo hatchery in Newfoundland, the eggs 

 of the cod have also been dealt with, and apparently with 

 greater success than at Wood's Holl, for in 1892, the third 

 year of the experiments, the total number placed in the sea 

 when about a week old was one hundred and sixty-five 

 millions, or nine times more than the first season. The 

 loss, even in the latter instance, is oreater than in the case 

 of the plaice at Dunbar. 



Again, at Wood's Holl, three thousand adult cod 

 yielded from November, 1890, to February, 1891, sixty- 

 seven million three hundred and ninety-nine thousand ova, 

 from which thirtv-six millions of larval fishes were obtained, 



