230 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



failed to produce immunity in such a manner. Schone, 1 

 Borrel and Bridre, 2 Bashford 3 and Tyzzer 4 have shown that 

 inoculation with various normal tissue cells produces a variable 

 immunity to the subsequent inoculation of usually transmissible 

 tumours. Flexner and Jobling 5 showed that from the tenth to 

 the thirteenth day after the inoculation of heated tumour cells, 

 the animals were more susceptible to inoculations with the 

 living cells of the same tumour, suggesting by this experiment 

 that a form of anaphylaxis was produced. Gaylord, Clowes and 

 Baeslack 6 injected mice suffering from tumours with the serum 

 of immune mice. At first their results were highly satisfactory 

 and many of the tumours disappeared, whilst normal serum 

 produced no result. Subsequent experiments, however, were 

 not satisfactory. Beebe and Crile, 7 having drawn off a large 

 proportion of the blood of some dogs bearing well-established 

 transplanted sarcomata, transfused large quantities of blood 

 from dogs that had resisted inoculation or recovered naturally ; 

 nine of the affected dogs recovered rapidly and completely. In 

 1908 I injected the serum of rats that had been subjected to re- 

 peated inoculations with the living cells of a rapidly growing 

 mouse-carcinoma into mice bearing well-established tumours of 

 the same strain ; the result was that in 80 per cent, of the mice 

 the tumours were completely absorbed. The serum of rats into 

 which the living cells of the mouse's testis had been injected 

 produced similar but less satisfactory results. 8 Subsequent 

 experiments with these sera showed that they were highly 

 destructive to these particular tumour cells. 9 These experiments 

 were confirmed up to a point by Bashford, 10 who showed that 

 while the mouse-tumour cells lived in untreated rats for some 

 time, they were rapidly destroyed in rats that had been 

 previously inoculated with the living cells of mouse tumour. 

 Ehrlich " has explained the immunity to inoculation by means 



1 Miinchen vied. Wohnschr., 1907, liv. 2517. 



2 Bull, de rinst. Pasteur, 1907, v. 605. 



3 Scientific Rep. Imper. Can. Res. Fund, 1907. 



4 Journ. Med. Res. Boston, 1907, xvii. 155. 



s Proc. Soc. Exper. Med. and Biol. 1907, iv. 156. 



6 Med. News Philadel. lxxxvi. 91, 1905. 



7 Proc. Soc. Exper. Med. and Biol., 1907, iv. 118. 



8 Lancet, Sept. 12, 1908. 9 Ibid. April 9, 1910. 



10 Proc. Roy. Soc, B, vol. lxxxii. 1910. 



11 Op. cit. 1905 ; Apolant, op. cit. 1906. 



