12 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



slightly beyond skin. First dorsal much shorter than second ; length of base (without spine) 

 about one-fourth of its distance from the second dorsal. Extremity of ventral tins behind 

 end of the second dorsal. Scales pedunculate, each with three strong ribs, terminating in 

 a point. Uniform brownish black. (Modified from Giinther.) 



CENTROPHORUS, (Muller and Henle), Bocage and Capello. 



Centropnorua, MOller and Henle (part). — Gunther (part), Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vm. il!». 

 Centrophorus (restricted), Bocage and Capello, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1864, p. 263 [type Centrophorua granulosus 

 (Schn.), M. andH.]. 



Spinacoid sharks, with two dorsal fins, each with a spine, which is sometimes hidden 

 under the skin; no anal tin. Trunk elongate, without lateral folds. Mouth wide, but 

 slightly arched; along, deep, straight, oblique groove on each side of the mouth. Teeth 

 of the lower jaw with the point more or less inclined backward or outward. Upper teeth 

 erect, triangular, or narrow lanceolate, with a single cusp. Nomembrana nictitans. Spira- 

 cles wide, behind the eye. <lill openings narrow. (Gunther.) 



Centrophorus has not yet been taken in the western Atlantic, although six species have 

 been found in the Mediterranean and the neighboring parts of the ocean, viz: 



1. Ceiltroplxints iiiiiiiiihtsii* (Srnx.), M. and II. Mediterranean and Madeira. 



2. Centrophorua lusitanicus, Bocage and Capello. <>tV Portugal. 



3. Centroplwrus erepidaler, Bocage and Capello. Off Portugal, Madeira. 



4. Centrophorua squamoaua (Gmelin), M. and 11. oil' Portugal. 



5. Centrophorua Dumerilii, Johnson. Madeira. 



C>. Centrophorua calceus, LOWE. .Madeira, off Portugal. 



The French expedition obtained C. squamulosus in considerable numbers atSetubal, as 

 well as two individuals of C. caleeus. The Challenger did not obtain a single individual of 

 the genus from the Atlantic, but took two undescribed forms, G. foliaceus, Gunther, and 

 C. squamulosus, Gunther, off Japan, -an additional proof," remarks Gunther, "of the 

 extraordinary resemblance of the Japanese and Madeiran marine faunas." 



CENTROPHORUS GRANULOSUS, MOller and Henle. (Figure 11.) 



Centrophorua granulosus, Mii.ii.i: and Henle, Plagiost., 89, pi.:;:;. Boca I Capello, P. /.. S., 1868, 



260; Peix., Plagiost., 2."> (partim). — Capello, Jorn. Acad. Sci. Lisboa, u, 113 (partim); Cat. Peix. Port., 

 L880, 47.— Gunther, Cat. vm. 120. 



The labial told does not extend along the margin of the mouth. The distance between 

 the nostrils is rather more than one-third the length of the pneoral portion of the snout. 

 The lower angle of the pectoral is produced into a narrow lobe, longer in adult examples 

 than in immature. The length id' the base of the second dorsal (without the spine) is two- 

 thirds of that of thi' first (without the spine); and the length of the first (without the spine) 

 is one third of the distance between the two fins. Extremity of the ventral fins below the 

 second dorsal spine. Scales rather smooth in adult examples, without median keel, ribbed 

 in front. Young examples rough. Uniform brown: young examples with the extremities 

 of the fins white. (Giinther.) 



This form occurs in the Mediterranean and the neighboring parts of the Atlantic. 

 The British Museum has a foetus, which has been provided with a name by Dr. Bleeker 

 (Centrophorus mol/uceensis, Act. Soc. Sc. Cndo-lfeerl., atii, Amboyna, Indies). Dr. Gunther 

 says that no distinctive characters can be given from a single undeveloped example which 

 is not in good condition. 



CENTROPHORUS LUSITANICUS, Bocage and Capello. 



Centrophorua luaitanieua, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1864, 260, fig. 1. — Bocage ami Capello, Apuntamentos [ckth. 

 de Portugal, Peixes Plagiost.. Lisbon, 1866, 230. — Cixiiiii:. Cat., vm. 421. — Capello Cat. Peix. 

 Port.. 1880. Coast of Portugal. 



Very similar to ft granulosus, but with base of the first dorsal fin much longer, etc. 



