DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND llll.li; DISTRIBUTION. 101 



reduced and one-fourth length of bead. Clefl of month exceedingly wide, oblique. Maxil 

 lary somewhat dilated, bu1 aot covering any considerable portion of the cheek, and its tip 

 separated from the angle of the operculum by a distance greater than the diameter of the 

 eye. The teeth upon the intermaxillaries are moderate in size; upon the auxiliaries and 

 the inaudible larger, conical, separated by moderate intervals, w hich arc filled with smaller 

 teeth. Teeth also on palatines, pterygoids, and pharyngeals. Opercular bones very thin. 



The origin of the dorsal and anal fins opposite, immediately behind the vent; the latter 

 is more than twice as long as the former and readies nearly to the tail, which is forked. A 

 small adipose dorsal fin at a distance from the dorsal equal to the length of the base of the 

 latter, and about the same distance from the anal. Pectoral and ventral composed of weak 

 rays, the origin of the latter nearly midway from the base of the pectoral to the vent, anil 

 the tips of the longest rays reaching to the vent. Branchial arches 4, long and slender; 

 very elongate .uill rakers, 10 above and 15 below the angle of the first, the longest twice as 

 long as the eye. Velvety black, with a number of luminous spots. 



Radial formula: 1). 12, 13: A. 21, 22; V. 7: 1'. to. BranchiostegaJs, 13. 



This species was obtained by the French explorers at depths oi from 1,420 to 2,582 

 meters in the Gulf of Gascogne and off the Azores. It has since been found in considerable 

 numbers in the western Atlantic by the Albatross, in the following localities: From station 

 2103, in 38° 47' 20" N. lat., 72° 37' W. Ion., at a depth of 1,091 fathoms; from station 21 10, 

 in 17-3 30' 10" N. lat., 76° 40' 05" W. Ion., at a depth of 966 fathoms; from station 2534, in 

 40° 01' K lat., 67° 29' 15" W. Ion., at a depth of 1,234 fathoms, and No. 35514 U. S. N. M., 

 from station 2196, in 39° 35' N. lat,, 69° 44' W. Ion., at a depth of 1,230 fathoms. 



CYCLOTHONE ELONGATA, (GCnther). (Figure 119.) 



Gonostoma elongatum, G(5nther, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1878, II, 187. — Challenger Report, XXII, 173, pi. 



xi.v, fig. B.— Alcock, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1891, II, 127; 1892, n, 354. 

 Sigmops stigmaticits, Gill, Proe. U. S. Nat. Mus., VI, 1883, 25G. — Jordan, Cat. Fish. N. Am.. Hi. 



Heightof body one-seventh of total length (without caudal); length of head two-ninths. 

 Vent midway between root of caudal tin and eye. Eye moderate, two-thirds length of 

 snout, about one-eighth length of head; its diameter less than width of interorbital space. 

 Mouth exceedingly wide, maxillary extending to the posterior angle of the operculum, with 

 a number of large teeth at considerable distances, with interspaces filled with smaller teeth: 

 intermaxillary with 2 and mandible with about 10 large teeth. Infraorbital bone dilated, 

 covering only about one-half of cheek. Opercular bones thin. Gill laminae short. Gill 

 rakers long. BranchiostegaJs 11, very short. Dorsal tin inserted a little behind the ver- 

 tical from vent; greatest height exceeds that of the body at the point of its origin. Anal 

 fin directly under the dorsal, much longer, extending nearly to root of caudal, highest in 

 front. Pectoral narrow, slender, placed low; its length two-thirds that of the head. Dis- 

 tance of ventral from vent contained one half in its distance from pectoral. Scales have 

 apparently been present, on a part at least, of the body, namely, the tail and ventral line. 

 Luminous organs very pink, with silvery margins, in two rows on either side of the 

 abdomen. 



Radial formula: D.13; A.27-30; P. 11; V. 7. Color black. 



This species was obtained by the Challenger from two localities in the South Pacific, 

 line, station 191, south of New Guinea, at a depth of 800 fathoms; one, station 194a. off 

 Banda, at a depth of 360 fathoms, and has been found in considerable numbers in the deep 

 waters offthe American coast b\ both the Blake and Challenger,* and by the Investigator 

 in the Indian Ocean, station 107, 738 fathoms, and station 107, 1,200 ( ?) fath s. 



( yi I, , Hi, in, ■ gracilis (Gonostoma gracile, GCntiu.i:, Ann. ami Mag. Nat. Hist.. L878, n, 187; Challenger Re 

 port, xxii. 171. pi. xi. v. fig. o. i, found by the Challenger at depths from 245 to 2, 125 fathoms, smith of Japan, 



is elongate and apparently scaleless, as in tl thcr species of the genua. The cheek is only partially 



covered by the interorbital; larger teeth in the upper jaw rather numerous. Height of body one-ninth of 

 total length; length of head one-filth. Adipose fin absent. IX 10; A.26; P. 11; V.6. 



