DISCUSSION OF SPF.ciF.s AND Tlll.IR DISTRIBUTION. 261 



The species was known from the western Atlantic as early as the time of Cuvier, who 

 had specimens sent from Miquelon, Newfoundland, by M. de la Pilaie. It was, however, 

 originally described from Norway by Linnaeus, and seems to have been mentioned by Olaf 

 sen about Iceland as early as 1774. Linnaeus ascribed it also to the Mediterranean, but, as 

 Cuvier has shown, it is very evident that the southern fish which he had in mind was Ser 

 ranus scriba (compare Systema Natures, L2th edition, pp. 483 and 486). [t has never been 

 found south of the British Channel, and the figure by Day was obtained by him from 

 I'treeht or Leyden, but he does not say whether or not it was from Dutch waters. Day 

 gives a number of Idealities of its capture about the British Isles, but it is rare south of 

 Faroe Islands. 



It occurs on the southwest coast of Spitzbergen (Malmgren, loc. eit.), and on the Norwe- 

 gian coast it is found everywhere from Christ iania around to the Varanger Fiord. It also 

 occurs in Greenland, and from Labrador, as a shore form, as far south as .Maine (See Esses 

 Fishes), and in deeper water, as shown iu the accompanying list, as far south as 39° 48.' The 

 Norwegian expedition obtained it as deep as 147 fathoms, and American vessels down 

 to 179. 



Specimens of this species have also been found by the steamer Albatross in the follow- 

 ing localities: No. 33370, U. S. N. M., from station 2067, in 42^ 1."/ 25" N. lat,, 65° 48' 40" 

 W. Ion., at a depth of 122 fathoms; No. 33501, U.S. N. M., from station 2088, in 39° 59' 15" 

 N. lat., 70° 36' 30" W. Ion., at a depth of 143 fathoms; No. 33507, U. S. N. M., from station 

 2000, in 39° 59' 10" N. lat., 703 41/ io" w. Ion., at a depth of 140 fathoms; No. 33389, U. S. N. 

 M., from station 2061, in 42° 10' N. lat., 66° 47' 45" W. Ion., at a depth of 11.") fathoms; No. 

 33381, U. S.N. M., from station 2053, in 42° 02' N. lat., 68= 27' VV. Ion., at a depth of 105 

 fathoms; No. 33409, U. S. N. M., from station 2063, in 42° 23' N. lat., (ill- 23' W. Ion., at a 

 depth of 141 fathoms; and from station 2430, in 42° 58' 30" N. lat,, 50° 50' W. Ion., at a 

 depth of 917 fathoms; station 2522, in 42° 20' N. lat,, 65° 07' 30" W. Ion., at a depth of 104 

 fathoms; station 2560, iu 39° 48' 10" N. lat, 71° 48' 40" W. Ion., at a depth of 114 fathoms; 

 station 2431, in 43° 00' N. lat., 50° 47' 30" VV. Ion., at a depth of 129 fathoms, and station 2580, 

 in 41° 25' 30" N. lat., 69° 01' W. Ion., at a depth of 83 fathoms. Others (No. 31536, C. S. 

 N. M.) were taken by the steamer Fish Hawk off Gape Cod at a depth of 55 fathoms. The 

 Speedwell also obtained ten specimens (No. 21814, U. S. N. M.) from station 138, in 42° 33' 

 N. lat,, 70° 26' W. Ion., at a depth of 59 fathoms. 



SEBASTES MAKINUS VIVIPARUS, (Kroyer). 



Sebasles viviparus, KR5YER,Naturhist.Tidsskr., 1, 1844-'45, 275. — Gaimard, Voy. Scaurl., Poissons, vi. — Gill, 

 Proc Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila,, 1863, 333. — Gunther, Cat. Fish, Brit. Mus., II, 9li; Challenger Report, 

 xxn, 18.— Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist, (4), 1, 1868, 312.— Goode and Bean, Hull. Essex Inst,, xi, 

 1879, 14.— Strom, Norsk. Vid. Selsk. Skril't. 1881, 73 ; 1884, 16.— Lilljeborg, Sveriges Fisk., 101.— Jordan 

 and Gilbert, Bull, xvi, U. S. Nat. Mus. 632. 



This form is recognized by certain Scandinavian zoologists and by Giinther in his later 

 writings as a distinct species. No very salient characters have been pointed out, save that 

 it is smaller, has a higher body, and longer head, a narrower interorbital space, longer 

 pectoral and ventral tins, and an additional soft ray in dorsal and anal. Jordan describes 

 its general color as brownish red, somewhat mottled, with a blackish blotch on the opercle, 

 and some other brownish spots ou the body, as if he had identified this form from American 

 waters. All those we have seen arc more like the »V. ririjinrns type, Giinther says that it is 

 found in Scandinavian waters at a depth of 300 fathoms. It is generally understood to be 

 more littoral iu its habits than 8. marinus. 



SEBASTOLOBUS, Gill. 



Sebastolobus, Gill, Report, Smithsonian Institution. 18S0 (1881), 375. 



Scorpamids with vertebra' as in the typical species of Sebastes and characterized 

 by the pectorals having a wide base, produced back-wards near the upper margin, and not 

 medially, while the lower rays are thickened aud extend much beyond the rays next above 



