296 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



CALLIONYMUS, Linnaeus. 



Callionymus, Lumsius, Systema Naturae, ed. x, 1758, I, 249 (type. C. lyra | : ed. xn, i, 433. — Gill, Proc. Acad. 

 Nat. Sri. Phila., 1859, 125. 



Gobioids with triangular depressed head, narrow mouth, protractile upper jaw, and gill- 

 opening reduced to a very narrow foramen on the upper surface of the head. Eyes mod 

 crate, looking upwards. Teeth minute, absent from palatines. Angle of preoperculum with 

 a strong spine. A single lateral line. First dorsal composed of a very few flexible spines. 

 Yentials normal, remote. Branchiostegals G. No air-bladder. Pseudobranchiae present. 

 Gills 4, with a slit behind the fourth. 



"Callionymus has been restricted to species with a single lateral line, branchial aper- 

 tures on the sides of the nape, and perfect ventral fins. The ('. goramensis, Blkr., may be 

 regarded as a distinct type [Diplogrammus), distinguished by the double lateral line. Syn- 

 chiropw and Dactylopus areexcellent genera. and the last has been adopted under the name 

 Vulsus, the change of name having been made on account of the existence of the term Dae- 

 tylopoda, given by Von Meyer to a group of reptiles, as I have been kindly informed by the 

 author of the change. Such extreme views would necessitate very numerous changes in 

 the nomenclature, and are not recognized by naturalists generally." (Gill.) 



CALLIONYMUS LYRA, Linxjeus. 



Callionymus lyra, Linnetts, Systema Naturse, ed. X, 1758, i. 249; ed. XII, 1766, II, 133. — Vaillaxt, Exp. Sci. 



Tiavailleur et Talisman, 349. 



This well known European form, found along the entire coast of Europe from the Ger- 

 man Ocean to the Mediterranean, was obtained by the French expedition in the Gulf of 

 Gascony in 411 meters, off Spain and Portugal in !>'.» to 240 meters, off Morocco in 112 

 meters, and near the Canaries in 90 meters. 



In addition to the three Atlantic forms named below, the Challenger took G. kaianus, 

 Giiuther, in 140 fathoms off the Kai Islands (station 192), C. calauropomus, Richardson, from 

 115 fathoms, near the Philippines (station 204 B). 



The Investigator took C. carebares, Alcock (Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1889, n. 209, pi. 

 viii, fig. 8), in the Bay of Bengal (station 90), 98 to 102 fathoms, about 70 specimens. 



CALLIONYMUS PHAETON, GCnther. 



Callionymus festivus, Bonaparte, Fauna Italica, Pesci, Fasc. with figures of male and female (not C. festivus, 



Pallas). 

 Callionymus phaeton, GOnther, Cat. Fish. P>rit. Mas., in, 1861, 147. — Vaii.i.axt, Exp. Sci. Travailleur et 



Talisman, 349. 



A. Callionymus having the preopercular spine bicuspid and the last dorsal and two 

 middle caudal rays filamentous in the male. 



Eadial formula: D. IV, 9; A. 8; C. 10. 



Color; reddish, variegated with green. 



This form, not generally recognized by the Italian ichthyologists, is supposed to occur 

 in the Mediterranean, where Bonaparte obtained the specimen figured by him. Vaillant 

 had specimens from off the Azores, taken in 560 meters by the French Expedition (station 

 exxm). 



CALLIONYMT'S 11IMANTOPHORUS, Goode and Bean, u. s. (Figures 268, 268, A. B.) 



The body is slender, moderately elongate, the fins are all well developed, the tail taper- 

 ing and with some of its rays produced into a filament. The greatest depth is at the head 

 and the anterior portion of the trunk. The depth of the head equals the length of its post- 

 orbital portion and, also, the greatest depth of the body. The caudal peduncle is very slen- 

 der, the least height of the tail being scarcely more than one-fourth the greatest height of 

 the body. The profile descends very rapidly at the snout. The mouth is small and the 



