224 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



Family ZEID^E. 



Zenidw, Lowe, Proc. Zool. Soc, London, 1839, 82. 



Zenidw, Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1862, 126; Arr. Families Fishes, 1872, 8 (Fam. No. 84).— Jordam 



and Gilbert, Bull, xvi., U. S. Nat. Mus., 458. 

 Zeincc, Swalnson, Nat. Hist. Fish., etc., 1839, n, 176. 

 Zeini, BoxArARTE, Cat. Metodico, Pesci Europe, 1876, 75. 

 Zeoidei, Bleeker, Tentamen, 1859, XXIII. 

 ZihUi, Gill, MS. 



Cyttina, Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., n, 393. 

 Vyttidoe, GCxtiier, Introduction to the Study of Fishes, 1880, 450. 



Scoinbroidea, with a high, short, deep, much compressed, and elevated body. Lateral 

 line obscure, unarmed. Scales minute, absent, or replaced by bony protuberances. Mouth 

 large, terminal, with upper y.\w protractile, and teeth small, in narrow bands or single 

 series, on jaws ami vomer, and sometimes mi palatines. Eyes lateral. Opercles and other 

 bones about the head often armed with spines. Branchiostegals, 7 or 8. Gill membranes 

 little united, free from the isthmus. Gill rakers usually short. Gills 4, a slit behind the 

 fourth. Pseudobraucbise large. Dorsal emarginate, or divided, with strong spines an- 

 teriorly, the posterior part longer. Anal spiued or spineless. Ventrals thoracic, with one 

 spine and five to eight-Tays. Caudal usually not forked. Pyloric caeca exceedingly numer- 

 ous. Air bladder large. Vertebr;e about 32. 



KKY TO THE GENERA AND DEEP-SEA SPECIES. 



I. Bony plates along the bases of the vertical fins, and between ventrals and anal on median line of 



body Zein.£ 



A. Plates at bases of second dorsal and anal. Anal spines 4 Zeis 



B. Plates at bases of iirst and second dorsal and anal. Anal spines 3 ZENOPSIS 



1. Ventral spines, 3 Z. ocellatus 



II. No bony plates at base of vertical fins Cyttix.k 



A. No bony plates on ventral line CyttoS 



1. Ventrals receivable in sheath on abdomen. 



a. Ventral spines, 2 Cyttus australis 



2. Ventrals not receivable in sheath. 



a. Ventral spines, 2 Cyttus ahbreviatus 



l>. Ventral spines, 2 Cyttus hololepis 



B. Bony plates between ventral and anal, on median line of body CYTTOPSIS 



1. Body partially naked Cyttopsis roseus 



III. Numerous large, conical, bony protuberances, symmetrically arranged Oreosomix.e 



A. About four protuberances on the back and twenty below Okeosoma 



ZENOPSIS, Gill. 



Zcnopsis, Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 126 (type, Zeus nebulosus, Temminck and Schlegel, from Japan). 



Body ovate, much compressed, without scales, not warty. Head deeper than long, its 

 anterior profile steep. Mouth rather large, upper jaw protractile; teeth small, on jaws and 

 vomer, none on the palatines. Various bones of the head and shoulder girdle armed with 

 spines. Series of bony plates along the sides of the belly and the bases of the dorsal and 

 anal, each plate armed with a strong spine. Eye large, placed high. Gill-rakers short. 

 Dorsal spines very strong, usually 10 in number. Anal spines 3. Ventral fins long, 

 mostly I, 7. Caudal peduncle slender, the tin not forked. Tw r o or three species known, 

 differing from Zeus, mainly in the presence of 3 anal spines instead of 4. Pelagic. 



ZENOPSIS OCELLATUS, (Storer), Gill. 



Zeus ocellatus, Storer, Proc. Boston Society Nat. Hist., vi, 888. 

 Zenopsis ocellatus, Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1862, 126. 



Color silvery, nearly plain; a black lateral ocellated spot in life, disappearing in 

 spirits. Body short, deep, compressed. Skin wholly naked, except for the bony bucklers, 

 which are armed each with a central spine hooked backwards and marked with radiating 



