236 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



second, which is the longest. The spinous rays of the second dorsal and the anal, and 

 those in the ventral, have their points covered. The scales are large, deciduous, from 45 

 to 50 between the shoulder and the tail; they are thin, with smooth edges; they cover the 

 entire body except the lips. The vertical fins are also scaly, except the first dorsal. 



Radial formula: D. VII, I, 14; A. Ill, 12; P. 16; V. I, 5; C. 17. 



Color brownish violet, lighter upon the belly. 



This fish, according to Poey, is rare and inhabits great depths. In the month of 

 October he has seen individuals weighing 14 pounds. 



Dr. Griinther remarks that, but for the barbed teeth, he would be disposed to unite this 

 species with Scombrops chilodipteroides, but we should hesitate to follow his lead, since the 

 scales iu the latter are considerably smaller, the body apparently more slender, the fins 

 longer and stronger, and the two dorsals more closely approximated, while the lower jaw 

 would appear to be longer, and the second dorsal planted (relatively to the vent) much 

 farther forward. 



HYPOCLYDONIA, Goode and Bean, n. g. 



This genus resembles Scombrops in form and is closely related to it, but (1) none of the 

 vertical fins are scaly; (2) the tongue is toothless; (3) the soft dorsal and anal have few rays. 



The body is covered with thin, deciduous, cycloid scales. The entire head is scaly with 

 the exception of the angle of the preoperculum, but the scales of the head are deeply im- 

 bedded in the skin and are covered by minute pores, so that their outlines are almost entirely 

 concealed. Eye large. Mouth moderately large; the upper jaw slightly protractile. Teeth 

 iu the intermaxilla minute in broad bands which are separated at the symphysis by a nar- 

 row, naked interspace. A pair of strong canines near the symphysis of the iutermaxilla- 

 ries. The mandible has a marked concavity in front on each side of the symphysis, this 

 concavity being armed with a band of minute teeth. Four small canine like teeth in an 

 irregular group at the symphysis; 5 additional canines on the mandible, increasing in size 

 backward and continued behind by a short, narrow band of minute teeth. Minute teeth on 

 the vomer in a triangular patch. Palatine teeth in bands, which are broadest in front. 

 Anterior nostril small, circular, not tubular. Posterior nostril in a long wedge-shaped slit. 

 Maxilla dilated posteriorly. The lower lip well developed, broadly attached to the under 

 surface of the maxilla. Preoperculum minutely serrated behind and below ; operculum with 

 two thin, flat spines. 



Branchiostegals 7; gill-rakers in moderate number, rather stout; gill lamina? well 

 developed; a moderate-sized slit behind the fourth gill; pseudobranchiae well developed; a 

 glandular organ iu the upper angle of the gill opening; fins well developed, the spinous 

 dorsal longer than the second dorsal; dorsal with 9, anal with 2 spines; ventrals long; scales 

 large, thin, cycloid, deciduous; lateral line high up with a gradual curve nearly following 

 the outline of the back. 



HYPOCLYDONIA BELLA, Goode and Bean, n. s. (Figure 237.) 



The largest specimen taken by the Alba'ross is 90 millimeters long. The greatest 

 height of the body is contained three and two third times iu the total without caudal. The 

 least height of the tail equals the length of the eye. The length of the head is one-third 

 of the total without caudal. The eye is two-sevenths as long as the head and a little 

 greater than the width of the interorbital space. The snout is two-thirds as long as the 

 eye. The maxilla reaches nearly to below the middle of the eye; its length is two-fifths 

 the length of the head. The upper jaw is contained two audoue-third times in the length 

 of the head. The length of the mandible is one-half the length of the head. The spinous 

 dorsal begins over the origin of the pectoral. The first spine is very short, less than one- 

 third as long as the second and not much longer than the last ; the third and longest spine 

 is as long as the postorbital part of the head. The interspace between the two dorsals is 

 very short. The longest ray of the soft dorsal is two thirds the length of the mandible. The 

 anal originates under the middle of the soft dorsal: the length of its base equals the length 



