DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AM' THEIR DISTRIBUTION. 411 



In a distance equal to lengtb of head 32 rays were counted in the dorsal fin; in the. 

 anal fin, 22. 



Color, brown; abdomen ;in<l lower pari of head in young blackish. 



CETONURUS, Gunther. 

 Cetonurus (as subgenus), Gcntiikr, Challenger Report, x\n, 1887, 124, 143. 



A Maerurus like form, with immense, thick, angular head, with cavernous bones; with 

 quadrate massive snout, and with trunk exceedingly short, running into a short, much 

 compressed, and low tail immediately behind the vent. First dorsal with aboul !<• spines, 

 inserted over or in advance of the origin of the pectorals; the second and longest spine 

 slender, obscurely serrated. Yenlrals moderate, inserted under or in advance of insertion 

 of pectorals. Head with dense, flaccid skin, thickly covered with small villous scales; 

 scales of body with a few long, slender, curved spines. No lateral line. A scries of larger 

 scales along base of second dorsal, which is weak and low. Bones thin and flexible. 



The type of this genus or subgenus is Cetonurus crassiceju, Giinther (Challenger Report, 

 xxn, 143, pi. xxxvii; Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., n, 1878, 2.3), taken by the Challenger north 

 of the Kermadec Islands, in 520 fathoms. 



CETONURUS GLOBICEPS, Vaillant. (Fig. 344.) 



Macrurm globiceps, Vaii.laxt, La Nature, 1884, No. 560. 



ffymenocephalus globiceps, Vaillant, Exped. Scieut. Travailleui et Talisman, 214, 386. 



Hymenoeephalus crassiceps, Vaillant, op. til., L'14, pi. xx, fig. 1. 



Head and anterior part of body very large; the greatest height two-elevenths, its 

 greatest thickness one-twelfth of total length. Head globular in form, its length one tilth 

 that of the. body. Snout turgid, obtuse. Mouth moderate, inferior. Body greatly con- 

 tracted behind the vent, which is in vertical from posterior end of first dorsal. 



Diameter of eye about one-fourth the length of the head. Width of the interorbital 

 space two-fifths the length of the head. Barbel small and slender. 



Opercula covered by thick skiu, only visible upon dissection. Small rough scales cov- 

 ering entire head; those upon body also small, very rough; a row of much stronger ones 

 along the base of the second dorsal. Lateral line not perceptible. About 200 scales in 

 longitudinal row T , 51 in vertical row. 



First dorsal small, its second spine slender, covered with weak serrations. Second 

 dorsal low and with feeble spines, its origin separated from the end of the first dorsal by a 

 space equal to twice the length of the base of the latter. Anal much higher than the second 

 dorsal, its anterior rays much the longest; its origin nearly under that of the second dorsal. 

 Pectorals moderate, falciform, reaching beyond origin of anal. Yentrals small, in advance 

 of the pectorals. 



Radial formula: I). II, '.) + .'; A. 103?; V. 10. 



The French expedition obtained 17 examples in the Gulf of Gascony at l,600meters, 



on tin ast of Soudan at 1,139 to 1,135 meters, and oil' the Azores at 2,995 meters. It 



has not yet been found in the Western Atlantic. 



CHALINURA, Goode and Bean. 



Chalinura, Goode :\n<\ Bean, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., x, 199. 

 Chalinurus (subgenus), GOnther, Challenger Report, xxn, ill. 



Scales cycloid, fluted longitudinally with slightly radiating stria'. Snout long, broad, 

 truncate, not much produced. Mouth lateral, subterminal, very large. Head without 

 prominent ridges, save the subocular ones ami those upon the snout; the suborbital ridge 

 is not joined to the angle of the preoperculum. Teeth in the upper jaw in a villiform band, 

 with those in the outer series much enlarged ; those in lower jaw uniserial, large. No teeth 

 on vomer or palatines. Dorsal spine serrated. Pseudobranchiae present, but small. (Jill 

 rakers spiny, depressible, stout, in double series on the anterior arch. I'.ranchiostegal 

 membrane apparently free from the isthmus. Ventrals below the pectorals. Barbel present. 



