412 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



We protesl against the action of English ichthyologists in changing the form of the 

 generic name. It is properly and legitimately formed from XHXtvoq (a thong), and dopa (tail). 



Chalinura fernandezianus, G-iinther (Challenger Report, xxn. 145, pi. xxxvin, tig. B) 

 was obtained by the Challenger at station 300, south of Juan Fernandez, in 1,375 fathoms. 



Ghalinura liocephala, Giinther (loc. cit., 145, pi. xxxvm, fig. A) was taken by the 

 Challenger off Japan, in 1,875 fathoms, and in mid Pacific in 2,050 fathoms. 



Chalinura Murrayi, Giinther (loc. cit., 140, pi. xxxiv, fig. A) was taken by the Challenger 

 off New Zealand in 1,100 fathoms. 



Chalinura serrula, Bean (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xin (No. 795), 37) was taken by the 

 Albatross east of Prince of Wales Island, in 1,569 fathoms. 



Chalinura hispida, Alcock, from the Bay of Bengal. 220-240 fathoms (Ann. Mag. Nat. 

 Hist., 1889, Nov., 397). 



CHALINURA SIMULA, Goode axi> Bean. (Figure 345 ) 



Chalinura Simula, Goode and I'.eax, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., \, 199 

 [faerurns sirnulus, Gcxtiiei:, Challenger Report, xxn, 1887, 143. 



The most salient characters are (1) the very large mouth, (2) the long obtuse snout, and 

 (3) the very elongate first ventral ray. 



The body is shaped much as in Coryphwnoides, but is rather stout, its greatest height 

 being contained 6 times in its total length. The back is somewhat gibbous in profile, the 

 dorsal outline rising quite rapidly from the. interorbital region to the origin of the first 

 dorsal, whence it descends almost in a straight line to the end of the tail. 



The scales are rather small, but with indications, particularly on the head, of radiating 

 stria'. The number of scales in the lateral line is about 150; about 8 rows between the origin 

 of the dorsal and the lateral line, and 17 to 10 between that line and the origin of the anal. 



Tlie length of the head is contained about 5 times in the total length of the body. The 

 width of the interorbital area is much greater than the long diameter of the orbit, which is 

 nearly twice that of the snout. The postorbital portion of the head is about three times as 

 long as the diameter of the eye. The length of the operculum is equal to hall' that of the 

 upper jaw. The preoperculum is emarginate on its posterior limb. The orbit is nearly 

 round, its diameter contained G times in the length of the head. The snout is broad, obtuse, 

 scarcely projecting beyond the mouth: its width nearly as great at the tip as that of the 

 interorbital space or as its own length. The median ridge is very prominent, gibbous in 

 outline when observed laterally; the lateral ridges start out almost at a right angle with 

 the median ridge, and are not continued upon the sides of the head. The suborbitals prom- 

 inent, forming broad subocular ridges. No supraorbital ridges. Nostrils in front of the 

 middle of the eye, and nearer to its anterior margin than to the tip of the snout. Barbel 

 longer than the diameter of the eye. 



Teeth in the upper jaw in a broad villiform band, with the outer series very much 

 enlarged. The lower jaw with the teeth in a single series. 



Distance of first dorsal from snout 4i times the length of its base, its distance from the 

 anterior margin of the orbit about equal to the length of the head. First spine very short, 

 second rather stout and with a simple serration anteriorly, the serrae closely appressed 

 to the spine; its length two-thirds that of head. 



The second dorsal begins at a distance from the first about equal to the length of the, 

 upper jaw. 



The anal is high, its average rays being about three times as long as those in the 

 dorsal. It is inserted slightly behind the perpendicular from the last ray of the first 

 dorsal. The pectoral is inserted over the base of the ventral (its rays are mutilated). The 

 ventral is inserted almost under the pectoral, but very slightly in advance; its distance 

 from the snout is less than the length of its longest ray, which is prolonged in a filament 

 which extends to the base of the eighteenth ray of the anal fin. 



