366 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



PHYSICULUS DALWIGKII, Kaup. 



Physiculus DalwigMi, KAur, loc. tit. — GCntiier, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., iv, 348 (fall description) ; Chal- 

 lenger Report, xxn, 1*87, 88. — Vaillaxt, Exp. Sci., Travaillcur et Talisman, 1888, 290, pi. xxv, figs. 3-3c. 



"Eleven series of scales between the anterior dorsal and the lateral line. Axil of the 

 pectoral black. D. 7/67: A. 69: V. 5." {Giinther.) 



Giinther has studied 3 specimens from Madeira, the largest 10 inches long, and notes 

 that all have an exceedingly narrow base to the ventral fin. 



The species is only known from Madeira and from off Soudan, where the Talisman ob- 

 tained it at two stations, lxii, 7S2 meters, and lxxi, 640 meters. 



PHYSICULUS KAUPI, Poey. (Figore 318.) 



Physiculus Kaupl, Poet, Repert. Fis. Nat. Cuba, 18G5, 186, pi. iv, fig. 1. — Gcntiier, Challenger Report, 



xxn, 1887, 88, pi. xvii, fig. A. 

 f Physiculus japonicus, IIiuienuorf, SB. Naturf. Frcunde, Borliu, 1879, 80. — (fidt Giinther). 



"This species," writes Gunther, "has constantly (as far as is shown by our specimens) 

 a broader base to the ventral tins than Physiculus dalwiglcii, and they are formed of 7 rays, of 

 which the longest may or may not reach the anal tin. The fin rays vary within proportion- 

 ate limits; they are: 1). 9-10 | 60-66; A. 60-70. There are 13 series of scales between the 

 anterior dorsal and the lateral line. The peduncle of the tail is shorter and less slender than 

 in the Madeiran form, but otherwise the two species are so similar as to scarcely deserve 

 specific separation." 



Poey obtained a specimen at Cuba, and Melliss two at St. Helena. These are pro- 

 nounced by Giinther to differ in no respect from five examples found by the Challenger off 

 Inosima iu 343 fathoms, and 11 to 16 inches long. 



PHYSICULUS PEREGRINUS, Gunther. 



Pseudophycis peregrinus, Gunther, Proe. Zool. Soc. London, 1871, G69. 

 Physiculus peregrinus, Gi nthkr, Challenger Report, xxn, 1887, 88. 



The height of the body is less than the length of the head, which is two-ninths of the 

 total (without caudal). Vent at only a short distance behind the base of the pectoral ; tail 

 tapering into a very narrow band, the extremity of which is surrounded by the caudal fin; 

 however, the vertical fins remain separate from one another. Head rather broader than 

 deep, its greatest width being two-thirds of its length. Interorbital space concave, its width 

 being less than the diameter of the eye, which is one-fourth of the length of the head, and 

 equals that of the snout. Snout broad, obtuse, rounded, with the upper jaw overlapping 

 the lower; the maxillary extends to below the middle of the eye. Barbel shorter than the 

 eye. Vertical fins of moderate depth, with very fine fin-rays; the first dorsal commences 

 opposite to the base of the pectoral. Pectoral as long as the head without snout. The 

 ventral filament is jugular, extending beyond the origin of the anal, and composed of one 

 longer and two shorter rays. Scales minute and deciduous. 



Radial formula: D. 7 + iil! (ca.); A. 66 (ca.); V. 3. 



Color reddish olive (iu spirits), abdomen black. 



The British Museum has several examples of this species from Manado, one of which 

 measures 5 inches iu length. 



Another species, P. palmatus, Kliinzmger, is from Port Philip, Hobson Bay — probably 

 not a deep-sea form. 



PHYSICULUS FULVUS, Bean. (Figure 319.) 



Physiculus f ulvus, BEAN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1884, vn, 240. 



A Physiculus with head broad and depressed, with a short snout; the length of the 

 head contained in the total length to the caudal base nearly 4 times. The height of the 

 body is about equal to the length of the head without the snout, and is contained 4ij times 

 in the total length without caudal. The eye is about two-sevenths as long as the head. 



