442 DEEP-SEA FISHES OP THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



a depth of 26 fathoms; from station 2414, in 25° 04' 30" X. lat., 82° 59' 15" W. Ion., at a 

 depth of 2C fathoms; from station 2407, in 28° 47' 30" X. lat., 84° 37' W. Ion., at a depth of 

 24 fathoms. 



A closely related species, P. cornutus, was obtained by the Challenger from stations 122 

 and 122 B, off the coast of Brazil, at depths between 32 and 350 fathoms. (Ghnther. Chal- 

 lenger Report VI, 7, pi. II, fig. B; XXII, 165.) 



CITHARICHTHYS, Bleeker. 



Citharichthys, Bf.f.eker, in Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., IV, 420, 1862; and in Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. 

 Amsterdam, xm, 1862 (type, Citharichthys rayennemis, Bleeker.) — Goode, Proe. U. S. Nat. Mus., in, 

 1880, 340.— Jordan and Oilbert, Bull. XVI, U. S. Nat. Mus., 816 (part). 



Sinistral pleurouectoids with ovate body. Month large, the maxillary nearly half as 

 long as the head. Eyes sinistral, large, the uppermost not close to dorsal outline. Teeth 

 feeble, in single series, nearly equally developed on each side. Pectoral upou blind side 

 fewer-rayed, much longer than its counterpart. Ventrals asymmetrically placed, the sini- 

 stral one upon the median ventral line, that upon the blind side produced in the males. 

 Dorsal fin commencing in advance of the eyes upon the snout, and upou the blind side of 

 the dorsal line. Dorsal and aual rays simple. 



Scales moderate, ovate, strongly pectinate, firmly attached. Lateral line of colored side 

 strongly arched over pectoral as in Limanda. Gill rakers short, rather stout, flexible. 

 Vertebra? 34 (in C. arctifrons). Gill membranes broadly united below the throat; gill rakers 

 lanceolate. Branchiostegals 5. 



CITHARICHTHYS ARCTIFRONS, Goode. (Figures :!66, A, B.) 



Citharichthys arctifrons, Goot>e, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., in, 1880, oil, 472. — Goode ami Bean, Bull. Mus. Comp. 

 Zool., x, 194.— GCnther, Challenger Report, xxn, 1887, 165. 



The height of the body (37) is about three-eighths of its total length (without caudal), 

 and is equal to about 4 times the height of the tail (0) and about 5 times its thickness (7). 



The scales are irregularly polygonal, cycloid; the largest about 6 millimeters in diam- 

 eter; the diameter (5) nearly equal to that of the eye. The scales are flexible, loosely 

 arranged, and very easily detached, so that it is difficult to secure a specimen in good order. 

 Small scales on the rays of the ventral fins. There are 40 scales in the lateral line (on the 

 colored side), which is sharply defined and straight, and 7 or 8 above and the same number 

 below the lateral line at the broadest part of the body. 



The length of the head (24-24J) is about one-fourth that of the body, and A times the 

 diameter of the eye (0). The interorbital space (1) is very narrow, equal to the difference 

 in the distances from snout to lower eye (4) aud snout to upper eye (5). The leugth of man 

 dible (10-104J is about double the latter distance; the length of the maxillary (7-74J slightly 

 more than the greatest width of the body. 



The dorsal fin begins niton the snout, above, the anterior margin of the upper eye. Its 

 greatest, height (13-15) is about three times the distance of its anterior ray from the snout. 

 It is composed of 82 to S3 simple rays. The anal begins under the axil of the pectoral, its 

 greatest height (14-15) equal to or slightly exceeding half the distance of its anterior ray 

 from the snout. It is composed of 67 simple rays. 



The caudal is subsessile, triangular, of 16 rays; its length about equal to that of the 

 head. In dorsal, anal, and caudal the rays appear to project beyond the connecting mem- 

 brane half or two-thirds of their own length. 



The pectorals are inserted far below the lateral line and close to the gill opening. The 

 pectoral on the colored side is composed of more rays (9-10) than that of the blind side (7), 

 its length (17-19) being about double that of its mate (7-9). The ventrals are composed of 

 4 rays. 



Color dirty light brown. 



Eadial formula: I). 82-83; A. 67; C. 16; P. 9-10, 7; V. 5; L. lat. 40. 



