Morphologie und Teratologie. — Physiologie. 135 



Weise mehr Blattanlagen in der Knospe Platz finden. Die 

 Blattstellung ist im Vergleiche mit einer orthostichen zweizeiligen 

 Anordnung vertikal zusammengezogen. Verf. knüpft hierin an 

 die Airy'sche Blattstellungstheorie an. Nemec (Prag). 



Valmaggi, L, Varia. II. Tra bulbi, tartufi e cipolle. 



(Rivista di Filologia e d'Istruzione classica. Anno XXX. 



Fascicolo III. 1904.) 



Verf. hat einige Betrachtungen über die Bedeutung des Wortes 

 ^ß6).ßoi"- zusammengefasst, um zu erklären ob unter diesem Namen die 

 Trüffeln oder die Zwiebeln einer Liliacee gemeint sind. 



J. B. de Toni (Modena). 



Armstrong, E. F., S tu dies on Enzyme Action. II. The 

 Rate of the Change, conditioned by Sucroclastic 

 Enzymes, and its bearing on the Law of Mass 

 action. (Proc. Roy. Soc. London. July 7, 1904.) 



By the active mass of the hydrolyte the author means 

 the Proportion s of the total quantity to the hydrolyte present 

 (S.) which is at any time in combination with the quantity of 

 enzyme e. 



s -j- e is termed the active Systeme. 



Several infiuences are probably at work in a Solution con- 

 taining enzyme and sugar. The enzyme and sugar molecules 

 seek to combine, and water molecules also tend to unite with 

 the sugar molecules. This results in the establishment of an 

 equilibnum depending to some extent — though perhaps a 

 small one — on the relative proportions which the water and 

 sugar bear to the enzyme. 



Four sets of conditions call for consideration. 



I. In which whatever the amount of sugar present 

 the quantity of enzyme is relatively small. Assuming that 

 the enzyme is unaltered, then since the active System 

 depends on the amount o^ enzyme present, and this is 

 small compared with the quantity of sugar, it may be supposed 

 that the maximum number of combinations will be established 

 and the magnitude of the active System s -f e will remain 

 constant. The change may therefore be expressed as a linear 

 function of the time. As hydrolysis proceeds, the amount of 

 sugar (S) decreases until it is no longer negligibly large as 

 compared with the active mass s, and the enzyme will no 

 longer effect the maximum number of combinations. The rate 

 of change will then become a logarithmic function of the time. 



Gase II. The quantity of enzyme is relatively considerable. 

 The active mass will be a function of the total mass from the 

 commencement of the experiment. 



Gase III. The amount of enzyme diminishes as the action 

 proceeds. The magnitude of the active System will be a 

 function of the amount of sugar and also of the enzyme. The 



