11 



at their upper ends. This fact is one of no little impor- 

 tance from the light which it throws on the supposed 

 composition of the calyx in the fossil genus Eugeniacrinus 

 and its allies Phyllocrinus and Tetracrinus. These genera 

 are very common in the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous 

 rocks, espeeially of the Continent. hut by for the greater 

 number of calyces which are met with consist of the radials 

 alone, just like that of Bathycrinus campbellianus, and the 

 family has accordinglv been described as distinguished by 

 the absence of basals. De Loriol says, for example, „Le 

 calice est forme de pieces radiales seulement sans pieces 

 basales." ' 



Mærkeligt nok tinde vi et lignende Forhold paa den 

 norske Nordhavsexpedition. Ved Station 303, 1200 Favne, 

 Temperatur — 1.4 C, bragte Skraben op henved 20 Stilke, 

 enkelte Kroner og kun et Par fuldstændige Exemplarer. 

 Den var aabenbart gaaet over en li den Skov af Bathycriner ; 

 thi de laa alle samlet i Skraben. Paa samtlige Stilke iagt- 

 toges Basalerne, medens de to Kroner kun havde de Iste 

 Radialer, ingen Basaler. En af disse Stilke er afbildet paa 

 Plade I, Fig. 3. Men formlen paa denne Station fandtes 

 ogsaa paa andre enkeltvis lignende Stilke uden Krone, og 

 iblandt disse var der Stilke, som vel havde tabt sin 

 Krone (Hoved), men hvor en ny saadan var begyndt at 

 dannes. Paa Station 205, 1287 Favne, Temperatur —1.7 C, 

 bragte Skraben op et Par haandfuld Ler. hvori fandtes 

 nogle Stilke med Basaler og et Par Kroner uden saadanne. 

 Men imellem Stilkene var der en, paa hvilken en ny Krone 

 var begyndt at dannes. Stilken var 110'"'" høi, Kronen 

 2.5""? hoi og Roden 20""" lang. Tab. III, Fig. 1. Kronens 

 Radialer vare ved en temmelig bred Som fæstede til Basa- 

 lerne. Tab. J II, Fig. 2 a, der vare sammenvoxede og dan- 

 nede en fast Ring som paa ældre Individer, Tab. III, Fig. 

 2 c, og som tydeligt viste, at medens Radialerne vare Ny- 

 dannelser, tilhorte Basalerne den ældre. affaldne Krone og 

 udgjorde det egentlige Bæger (Calyx), hvorfra den nye 

 Krone udgik. Imellem Iste og 2det og imellem dette og 

 3die Radial var der en tydelig Leddeflade, Tab. III. Fig. 

 2 b, ligesom 3die Radiale (Radiale axillare) havde som 

 sædvanligt en dobbelt Leddeflade, hvorfra udgik 2 Grene. 

 Hver af disse havde endnu kun 4 Led, og følgelig vare 

 heller ingen Pinnuler dannede. Skiven (Perisomet) var 

 næsten plan, og paa Midten iagttoges Mundaabningen, hvor- 

 fra udgik 5 Linier (Radialfurerne). der gik over paa Armene. 

 I et Radialfelt henimod Skivens Periferi saaes en yderst 

 liden, fremstaaende Knop, der sandsynligvis var Rectum. 

 Tentaklerne kunde ikke iagttages; forovrigt var det yderst 

 vanskeligt at kunne faa observere Skiven, da den var stærkt 

 lukket ved de korte Arme, som ikke uden at molesteres 

 kunde fjernes fra hverandre. Paa Armene saaes vel Am- 

 bulacralfuren, men ingen Tentakler. At en ny Krone paa 

 dette Exemplar var ifærd med at dannes, synes at være 



' Report upon the Crinoidea collected during the Voyage of H. 

 M. S. Challenger — by P. Herbert Carpenter. Zoology Vol. 



XI pag. 227. 



obtained, together with a considerable number of stems 

 retaining the basal ring at their upper ends. This fact is 

 one of no little importance from the light which it throws 

 on the supposed composition of the calyx in the fossil genus 

 Eugeniacrinus and its allies Phyllocrinus and Tetracrinus. 

 These genera are very common in the Jurassic and lower 

 cretaceous rocks, espeeially of the Continent. hut by far 

 the greater number of calyces which are met with consist 

 of the radials alone, just like that of Bathycrinus camp- 

 bellianus, and the family has accordinglv been described 

 as distinguished by the absence of basals. De Lorial says, 

 for example: „Le calice est forme de pieces radiales seule- 

 ment sans pieces basales." J 



Strangely enough, we tind a similar relation on the 

 Norwegian North Atlantic expedition. At station 303, in 

 1200 fathoms, temperature — 1.4 C. the dredge brought up 

 about 20 stalks, a few crowns, and only a cmiple of com- 

 plete speciniens. It had evidently passed over a small 

 forest of Bathycrinidæ, because they by all together collected 

 in the dredge. The basals were observed on all the stalks, 

 whilst the two crowns had only the Ist radials and no 

 basals. One of these stalks is illustrated in Plate I, fig. '■'>. 

 But. besides at that station, there were found at others 

 occasional similar stalks without crown. and amongst these 

 were found stalks which, it is true, had lost their crown 

 but in which a new crown had begun to be formed. At 

 station 205. in 1287 fathoms, temperature — 1.7 C, the dredge 

 brought up a couple of handfuls of clav in which a few 

 stalks with basals were found, and a couple of crowns 

 without any such. But among the stalks there was one in 

 which a new crown was begun to be formed. The stalk 

 was 110""" in height. the crown 2.5""" high. and the root 

 20""" in length (Pl. III. fig. 1). The radials of the crown 

 were attached to the basals by a pretty broad seam (Pl. 

 III. fig. 2 a), the basals being concreted and forming a tinn 

 ring as upon old individuals (Pl. III, fig. 2 c). which 

 distinctly showed that. while the radials were a new for- 

 mation, the basals pertained to the old detached crown 

 and formed the real cup (calyx) from which the new crown 

 issued. Between the Ist and 2nd, and between that and 

 the third radial there was a distinct articular surface (Pl. 

 III, fig. 2 b), while also the 3rd radial (radiale axillare) 

 had, as usual, a double articular surface from which 2 

 branches issued. Each of these had still only 4 joints and. 

 consequently, neither were there any pinnules formed. The 

 disc (the perisome) was almost plane, and in the middle 

 was observed the oral aperture, from which 5 lines issued 

 (the radial grooves) and passed over on to the arms. In 

 one radial area near the peripherv of the disc. an ex- 

 tremelv small projecting bud was seen, which probably was 

 the rectum. The tentacles could not be observed ; it was 

 otherwise extremely difficult to observe the disc. as it was 

 strongly closed by the short arms. which could not. without 



Report upon the Crinoidea collected during the Voyage of H. 

 M. S. Challenger — by P. Herbert Carpenter. Zoology Vol. 



XI page 227. 



2* 



