Algae. — Fungi, Bacteria und Pathologie. 503 



arctic species predominate. The bottom flora shows a remarkable 

 agreement with that of the east coast of Scotland and that of the west 

 coast of N orway. 



The author divides the species into 6 geographica! groups: 



I. The actual arctic species^ only found in the arctic region 

 (10 species). 



II. Species with western and arctic distribution (15 species). 



III. Species with a very wide distribution, occurring from southern 

 regions right up into the arctic one. Sonie of these species seem to be 

 cosmopolitan (the main part of the species). 



IV. Western species, especially known from the coasts of the 

 North Sea, but not before mentioned from the arctic zone (17 species). 



V. Species with a southern and western distribution, generally 

 occurring from the Mediterranean to the coasts of the North Sea 

 (64 species). 



VI. Species with only southern distribution, not before found so far 

 north as on the coasts of the North Sea (10 species). 



C. H. Ostenfeld. 



Laing, Robert M., On the New Zealand species of Cera- 

 miaceae. (Transactions of the New Zealand Institute. Vol. 

 XXXVII. 1904. (1905.) p. 384—408. PI. XXIV— XXXI.) 

 The object of the author is to give in this paper short 

 diagnostic descriptions of all the species of the family Cera- 

 mlaceae found in New Zealand. He has chiefly foUowed 

 Engler and Prantl's „Pflanzenfamilien" in the description 

 of the genera and he has also used J. G. Agardh's Epicrisis 

 Floridearum in the accounts of some of the species. But in 

 most cases the descriptions are founded on speciinens in the 

 authors own herbarium and are therefore new. A key to the 

 New Zealand genera is given : these number fourteen. The 

 diagnosis of each species is followed by its distribution and 

 critical remarks. One new species is described, of which the 

 following is the diagnosis: ,,Spongocloniiim pastorale. Thallus 

 dark-brown, sometimes blackish, 3 — 6 cm. high, irregularly 

 alternately pinnate. Main branches rather few , flexuose. 

 Rachis and pinnae coated with decurrent rhizoids. Pinnules 

 flexuose, woven into an inextricable network. Terminal pin- 

 nules patent, often divaricating, sub-distichous (though 3 or 4 

 occasionally arise from one cell), sparingly branched, but some- 

 times bearing pectinate ramuli on the upper side. The ends 

 of the pinnules often crooked like a shepherds staff, or sharply 

 bent. Cells of pinnules about 80 ii long and 50 ,w broad, of 

 the axis about 200 ,« long and 60 — 80 ,</ broad, those of the 

 pinnae similar but rather smaller. Tetraspores numerous in 

 series on the pinnules, divided into tetrads. Cystocarps and 

 antheridia unknown." The plant is recorded from Wicliffe Bay 

 in the Otago peninsula, New Zealand. E. S. Gepp-Barton. 



Arthur, J. C, Amphispores of the grass and sedge 



rusts. (Bull. Torrey bot. Club. XXXII. p. 35— 41. Jan. 1905.) 



With a Single known exception the rusts on the grasses and 

 sedges possess the three forms of spores characteristic of the Uredineae. 



