Palaeontologie. — Agricultur, Horticultur und Forstbotanik. 191 



„Foiigeres'' du Culm de la Basse- Loire paraissant etre des 

 Pte'ridospermees. R. Zeiller. 



NIEDZWIEDZKI, J., Spir ophy ton w Karpatach galicyjskich. 

 [Spiiophyton in den galizischen Karpathen.] (Kos- 

 mos. Lwöw. [Lembergj. Bd. XXX. 1905. p. 395. Polnisch.) 



Notiz über das Vorkommen von Spirophyton im sogenann- 

 ten Jamnasandsteine in der Umgebung des Städtchens Skole 

 in Galizien. Die genannten Fossih'en sind den von Th. 

 Fuchs aus dem Fiyschsandsteine von Pressbaum in den Um- 

 gebungen von Wien beschriebenen Formen ähnlich. Verf. 

 theilt auch mit, dass er die Spuren von Spirophyton nicht 

 selten in verschiedenen Sandsteinen der galizischen Kar- 

 pathen beobachtet hat. B. Hryniewiecki. 



Anonymus Rubber Cultivation in the West In dies. 

 (West Indian Bulletin. Vol. VI. 1905. p. 139—149.) 



At the last Agricultural Conference oi the Imperial Department of 

 Agricultiire for the West Indies a discüssion was held on the culti- 

 vation of rubber in the West Indies. with especial reference to 

 Tobago and Trinidad. 



Captain M. Short dealt with rubber cultivation in Tobago. In 

 this Island Castilloa elastica is practically the only rubber tree grown 

 and it thrives well from sea level up to 900 feet in the cacao-growing 

 districts. In good soil and in moist surroundings no shade is required_, 

 but some shading is necessary for the first two or three years under 

 other conditions. There are new about 90000 trees of this species in 

 the island. Practical questions such as distance apart to plant, mode 

 and time of tapping, yield etc. are discussed and results obtained are 

 suinmarized. 



In Trinidad Mr. T. H. Hart was of opinion that shade is 

 required, for Castilloa both in the young and mature condition. Mr. 

 Hart adversely criticized the view of some other observers that coagu- 

 lation of the latex is dependent on the coagulation of the albuminoids, 

 and discussed the effect on the yield of cuts in various directions. Mr. 

 W. Fawcett stated that in dry districts in jamaica Castilloa does 

 better without shade and that attempts to grow it under shade have 

 proved unsuccessful. This as pointed out by Mr. B. Howell Jones 

 was also the experience in British Guiana. 



The question of using Castilloa as a shade tree for cacao was 

 recommended for British Honduras in 1882 by Sir D. Morris and 

 as he showed successful results have been obtained both the rubber and 

 the cacao thriving. In an appendix favourable results are quoted which 

 have been obtained on an extensive scale in Venezuela as the 

 result of using Castilloa as a shade tree for cacao. W. G. Freeman. 



BOVELL, T. R., The Fruit Industry at Barbados. (West 

 India Bulletin. Vol. VI. 1905. p. 99—108.) 



The author traces the development of the recently established fruit 

 industry of Barbados and points out the practical difficulties which 

 were met with and the tneans taken to overcome them Bananas have been 

 exported to the greatest extent, and directions are given for the best 

 time of picking, the mode of packing, marking etc. It is estimated that 

 in Barbados bananas would give a profit of 20 -t per acre per annum. 



Experiments have also been made, and are reported on, with man- 

 goes (Mangifera indica) Citrus fruit, Avocado pears (Persea gratissima) 

 and Golden Apples (Spondias dulcis). W. G. Freeman. 



