Floristik und Systematik der Phanerogamen. 217 



After a discussion of the geological history of the area the author 

 enumerates and characterizes the plant societies which are represented. 

 Of the peat-forming societies are distinguished the following: 1. pond- 

 weed [Lemna], 2. waterüiy [NymphaeaJ, 3. water smartweed, 4. Typha- 

 Sparganinm, 5. water sedge, ö. wiliow [Salix], and 7. tamarlsk. Of 

 the floodplain societies are distinguished: 1. the moist sedge society 

 [CarexJ, 2. the elm-ash-maple society, and 3. the wahiut [Juglans] 

 society, and of the bluff societies: 1. the oak-hickory [CaryaJ, 2. the 

 black oak, 3. juniper heath, and 4. thicket societies. Besides these well 

 defined societies the author includes in his discussion a group of hetero- 

 types of Wide ränge of habitat, such as Onagra {Oenothera) biennis, 

 Aster novae-angliae, etc., and a group of introduced weeds, also of wide 

 ränge. Following the description of the groups the interreiations are 

 discussed, and also the Controlling factors in distribution. In the latter 

 discussion the main points brought out are the following: 1. Seepage 

 Springs and bluf exposures still retain relicts of a past northern flora 

 which followed closely the retreat of the glacial ice. 2. The societies 

 of these river swamps are distinct from those of the lake swamp 

 or bog. In both occur xerophytic adaptations not to be explained by 

 poor drainage nor by the presence of huinus acids. 3. The peat-forming 

 societies show sharp tension lines conforming to water depth. Such 

 lines become obscured on the floodplain and still more so on the bluff, 

 but in each of them the relation of distribution to soil water is plainly 

 marked. The definite relation ot certain societies to soil type seems to 

 depend upon varying water capacity of the soils. 4. The influence of 

 light as a Controlling factor in distribution is well marked in certain 

 cases. 5. The great number of northern species in early blooming 

 societies, the occupation of favorable places by societies of distinctively 

 Southern nature and of unfavorable ones by those of pronounced northern 

 composition, indicate a dose relation of the component species to slowly 

 changing climatic conditions. B. E. Livingston. 



HenriqL'ES, J. A, Inbridio para o coiitucimento da 

 flora portugueza — Gramineas. (Bol. da Soc. Brot. 

 XX. 1905.) 



Le prof. Hackel avait publie en 1880 le catalogue des Graminees 

 recoltees en Portugal d'apres les exemplaires conserves dans l'herbier 

 de rUniversite de Coimbra. Pendant les 25 annees ecoulecs les 

 recoltes ont ete faites regulierement et en consequence la distribution 

 geographique des especes a ete plus etudiee. 



En outre les Graminees recoltees par Wel witsch, par Mrs. G. 

 Sampaio et E. Schmitz ont ete examinees. Le nouveau catalogue 

 descriptif comprend 200 especes, dont 7 endemiques, 51 de la peninsule 

 iberique, 48 de la region mediterraneenne. Une seule espece nouvelle y 

 est decrite, VAvena Hackelü de la section Avenastrum, ressemblant 

 assez aux A. fUifolia et A. albinervis, mais distinct par la structure des 

 feuilles et par divers autres caracteres. J. Henriques. 



Lavauden, L, Recherches sur la flore du massif de la 

 Grande-Chartreuse. [Essai de phytostatique appli- 

 quee]. (Ann. de l'Inst. nation. agronom. 2'' Ser. T. IV. 

 1905. 69 pp.) 



Dans ce travail l'auteur. utilisant les recherches de Ravaud, Bri- 

 quet, Cariot et Saint-Lager, s'est borne ä decrire la flore de 

 quelques localites les mieux connues du massif de la Chartreuse, 

 sans etudier dans son ensemble la Vegetation de cette region monta- 

 gneuse. II discute incidemment les raisons qui permettent d'expliquer la 

 presence, depuis longtemps signalee ici, du Rhododendron ferrngineum 



