348 Palaeontolojyie. 



vered by Etheridge. Seven species of Phyllotheca are described, 

 including a new specific name, P. Etheridgei, applied to a very 

 distinct member of the genus, iigured by Etheridge a few years 

 ago. The plant knov/n as Actinopteris bengalensis is regarded 

 as a member of this group rather than as a Fern. In this, as 

 in other cases, where the present generic name is found to be 

 unsatisiactory, and the evidence is insufficient to Warrant the 

 Institution oi a new term, the present name is retalned within 

 Square brackets. Objection is also raised to the generic name 

 adopted ior the fossil known as \Anniilaria\ ausiralis, on the 

 grounds that it implies the foliage of a Calamite; a genus so 

 far unknown in association with this flora. 



The class Sphenophyllales^ is represented by a Single spe- 

 cies Sphenophyllum speciosiim (Royle), confined to India, of 

 which the type specimen is here refigured. A fragmentary 

 example of the same genus is also figured from Natal, which 

 constitutes a new locality for the fossil. 



Among the Fern-like plants, the large genus Glossopteris 

 is placed first. A füll accoimt of our present knowledge of the 

 fructification of this plant is given, including the recently dis- 

 covered sporangium-like organs of G. Browniana, of which 

 examples are figured. The difficult question of discriminating 

 between the species of this genus receives special consideration. 

 It is pointed out that the fronds of this plant are extremely 

 variable, and that it is difficult, if not impossible, to find any 

 set of characters which can be regarded as at all constant. It 

 has, therefore, been decided to group broadly, and to maintain 

 comparatively few species; the large number of specific deter- 

 minations instituted by various authors at different timesbeing here 

 reducedtothirteen. Among the species recognised are Glossopteris 

 strlcta Bunbury and G. ampla Dana, and to the latter are refer- 

 red the Indian fronds previously known as G. damiidlca Feist. 

 Examples of G. consplcua are figured from the Orange River 

 Colony for the first time. A füll discussion is also devoted 

 to Vertebraria, the rhizome of Glossopteris, and to the various 

 suggestions which have been offered in explanation of the pe- 

 culiar features exhibited by this fossil. 



Four species, and one variety of the genus Gaiigamoptcris 

 are maintained, with the addition of a new and interesting spe- 

 cies from Kashmir, described a few months ago by S e war d, 

 an account of which appears in an appendix at the end of the 

 work. 



The other examples of Fern-like plants, associated with 

 Glossopteris, are referred to the genera Neiiropteridiiim, Tae- 

 niopteris (4 species), Palaeovittaria, Sphenopteris (4 species), 

 Pecopteris, Cladophlebis, Merianopteris , and Belemnopteiis. 

 A füll account is given of the petrified Fern stem, Psaronius 

 brasiliensis, of which a transverse section is figured. 



The next group, the Lycopods, includes Lepidodcndron 

 Pedroannm (Carruthers) and L. Derbyi (Renault), confined to 



