Floristik und Systematik der Phanerogamen. 505 



alle Gruppen vertreten sind. In kritischeren Fällen sind die Be- 

 stimmungen von V. Höhnel oder Magnus revidirt. Ein grosses 

 Contingent stellen die Hutpilze, doch auch von kleinen parasitischen 

 Arten ist eine grosse Zahl angeiührt. Zum Schluss zählt Verf. auch noch 

 einige im Gebiete beobachtete Algen auf. Hayek. 



HOLMBOE, Jens, Studier over norske planters Historie. 

 I — II. [Stil dies in the history of Norwegian plant s.| 

 (Nyt Magazin f. Naturvidensk. Vol. XLIII. 1905. p. 1-23. 

 With 1 map.) 



The first study deals with Gentiana purpurea L. in Norway. In 

 the old herbals the author has found many notes on the use of the 

 plant in question as medicine, and from the topographical descriptions 

 of Norwegian districts he has compiled detailed indications of its 

 distribution in former times as well as at present. From that it becomes 

 evident that its area in Norway has been considerably diminished 

 during the last centuries; the cause to this diminishing is beyond doubt 

 the collecting of the roots which especially in eider times has been very 

 intense. 



Besides the typical form with purple flowers a yellow - flowered 

 variety has been found in Saetersdalen; this form which A. Blytt 

 has published under the name G. Biirseri Lap., is according to the 

 author probably identical with var. flavida Gremli of G. purpurea. 



The second study is titled : Some remarks on the age of the 

 beech-forest at Larvik. The author has investigated a little moor 

 in the beech-forest and gives a list of the plant-remains found in it from 

 ground to surface. Remains of beech (Fagus silvatica) have been found 

 only in the upper-most layer (thickness 0,35 m.). The result is then, 

 that the beech-forest is, from a geological point of view, very young, 

 younger than the Immigration of the spruce (Picea excelsa) in late post- 

 glacial time. The area of the beech in the district around Larvik is 

 nowadays in a stage of enlargement. 



The accompanying map shows the area of the beech in Eurasia. 



C. H. Ostenfeld. 



HOLMBOE, Jens, Studier over norske planters Historie. 

 III. [Studies in tHe H isto ry o f Norwegia n plants] 

 (Nyt Magazin f. Naturvidensk. Vol. XLIV. 1906. p. 29— 42.) 



In his third study the author reports on a collection of culture- 

 plants and weeds from the Wiking age. 



In the neighbourhood of Oseberg near Tönsberg in the 

 Southern Norway a large sepulchral mound containing the remains of 

 a Wiking ship probably from the first half of the ninth Century has 

 been found; by the exhumation of the ship several remains of plants 

 were brought to the light. 



The useful plants found are : Avetia sativa L., Triticum vulgare L. 

 (subsp. compactum Host ?), Juglans regia L., Corylus avellana L., 

 Lepidium sativum L., Isatis tinctoria L., Pirus malus L., Linum 

 usitatissimum L. ; and following weeds: Poiygonum convolvulus L., 

 Chenopodium album L., Stellaria media (L.) Cyril.^ Urtica urens L., 

 Capsella bursa pastoris L., Lamium cfr. purpureum L., Galeopsis 

 tetrahit L., further some other piant-remains, viz. Juniperus communis 

 L., Carex spp., Luzula campestris (L.) DG., Betula alba L., Ranaiiculus 

 cfr. repens L., Rosa sp., Calluna vulgaris Salisb. 



Whether the culture-plants enumerated above have been cultivated 

 in Norway at that time or not, is not possible to decide with certainty ; 

 the author thinks that Isatis and Lepidium most probably have been 

 cultivated there, while the nut of fuglans certainly has a foreign origin ; 

 Corylus and Pirus malus are without doubt indigenous, the shape of the 



