Fungi, Bacteria und Pathologie. 1 1 



mixture without spraying the foliage. One fifth of the tubers 

 rotted where the ground was not thus treated while there was 

 practically no rot where the ground was sprayed. Tests of the 

 loss by rot at different dates of digging gave very uniform 

 results. These results pointed to the following conclusions: 

 where the foliage is badly attacked it is best to delay digging 

 until about ten days after the tops are wholly dead or even 

 later. Earlier digging leads to rot in the cellar. The writers 

 incline to the opinion that the mycelium infects the potatoes 

 in the field. Early digging causes the early development of the 

 mycelium while late digging favors its lying dormant. 



Perley Spaulding. 



Macfadyen, A., Upon the Immunizing Effects of the 

 Int r acellul ar Contents of the Typhoid Bacillus 

 as obtained by the Dise ntegrati on of the Orga- 

 nism at the Temperature of Liquid Air. (Proc. 

 Royal Soc. London. Vol. LXXI. No. 473. April 1903.) 



Typhoid bacilli were disintegrated at the temperature of 

 liquid air and the cell Juices extracted. These Juices proved 

 fatal on injection into animals, and hence it was concluded that 

 the bacilli contained an intracellular toxin. The typhoid cell- 

 juice was injected subcutaneously into the monkey, and experi- 

 ments showed that a serum coufd be obtained after such injec- 

 tion possessed of antibacterial and antitoxic properties, protec- 

 ting injected animals against the bacilli and also against the 

 intracellular toxin obtained from them. This appears to be the 

 first recorded case of a pathogenic bacterium where intracellu- 

 lar juices when injected into a suitable animal give rise to the 

 production of a serum which is both bactericidal to the orga- 

 nism itself, and antitoxic as regards a toxin contained in its 

 substance. How far such properties are shared by other 

 pathogenic microbes remains for further enquiry to decide. 



E. Drabble (London). 



Maire et PERROT, Rapport sur les excursions et ex- 

 positions organisees par la Societe mycologique 

 de France, avec le concours de la Societe botani- 

 que des Deux-Sevres, en octobre 1903 (Session 

 generale de Niort-Poitiers). (Bull, de la Soc. myco- 

 logique de France. 1904. T. XX. p. I— XXXII.) 



Excursions dans la foret de Chize (11 octobre), ä La Mo the 

 St. Heray (12 octobre), dans la foret de l'Hermitain (12 octobre), 

 dans la foret de Vouvant (13 octobre), ä Lusignan (15 octobre), 

 ä Chätelleraut (16 octobre), dans la foret Saint Hilaire pres 

 Poitiers (17 octobre). 



Ce compte-rendu donne les listes des grands Champignons recoltes 

 dans ces diverses excursions, une liste generale des Champignons 

 parasites observes au cours de la Session et la nomenclature des especes 

 exposees ä Poitiers. A cöte de l'exposition generale, on avait menage 

 une place ä part pour les Champignons comestibles et veneneux. 



Paul Vuillemin. 



