272 F un gi> Bacteria und Pathologie. 



ARTON, W. A., Plant diseases in the United States in 

 1902. (Yearbook U. S. Dept. Agric. 1902. p. 714—719.) 



This gives a brief summary of the prevalence of plant diseases 

 during the year 1902 throughout the United States. 



The bitter rot of apples was bad as far east as West Virginia 

 in which state it was the worst that it has ever been. Clinton 

 discovered the perfect stage and named it Gnomoniopsis fructigena. 

 It was also found that the fungus forms cankers on the branches. 

 Applescab was epidemic in the northern states and was followed by a 

 secondary fungus, Ceplialothecium roseum, which caused considerable 

 complaint. Phyllachora fromigena was prevalent in southern New 

 England. Roestelia was common on apple leaves and fruit. Apple 

 canker caused by Sphaeropsis and Nummularia discreta, and root rot 

 were studied. Pear blight was excessively common and was known on 

 apples and plums as well as on the pear. A bacterial disease of the 

 locust was found in California. In the Atlantic states the peach 

 brown rot did little damage. Much loss was sustained in New York 

 and Michigan and Ohio, however. Plums and cherries were attacked 

 badly in some localities. The perfect form of the fungus has been 

 discovered by Norton of the Maryland Station. Peach yellows 

 occasioned much loss in Ohio. A bacterial black spot of plums has been 

 studied, Guignardia Bidwellii caused grape rot in Connecticut, Rhode 

 Island, New York, Ohio, and West Virginia, strawberry leai- 

 blight, Sphaerella fragariae, raspberry anthracnose, and raspberry cane 

 blight caused by Coniothyrium were not as bad as the previous year. 

 Cranberry diseases caused a loss of one fourth the crop as usual. 

 Citrous fruits were not badly diseased. The potato was affected with the 

 usual diseases with varying severity in different localities. Cucumbers 

 suffered from the downy mildew. Muskmelons and cantaloupe suffered 

 very seriously in southern New England from the Plosmopara and 

 Alternaria diseases. 



Asparagus rust spreads westward and is now well established in 

 most parts of the country. The rusts and smuts of the cereals were more 

 destructive than last year. The cotton diseases were present as usual. 

 Several tree diseases were bad and several publications were issued con- 

 cerning them. Many other diseases of lesser importance are mentioned. 



Perley Spaulding. 



BUBAK, Franz, Versuche zur Vernichtung von Wurzel- 

 brand der Zuckerrübe (Rhizoctonia violacea T u 1.) im 

 Erdboden. Berichte der Versuchsstation für 

 Pflanzenkrankheiten an der königl. böhm. landvv. 

 Akademie inTäbor inBöhmen. (Zeitschrift für Zucker- 

 industrie in Böhmen. Prag 1904. Heft 7. 4 pp.) 



BUBAK, FRANZ, Pokusy, kterak niciti kofenomorku cuk- 

 rovky (Rhizoctonia violacea Tul.) v pu de. = Versuche, 

 wie man den Wurzelbrand im Erdboden zu ver- 

 nichten hätte. (Listy cukrovarnicke = Blätter für Zucker- 

 industrie. Prag 1903,04. Jahrg. XXII. 2 pp.) [Nur in 

 tschechischer Sprache.] 



Um Königstadtl in Böhmen zeigte sich 1902 der oben ge- 

 nannte Pilz auf den Feldern der Landwirthe, 1903 war er in der ganzen 

 Umgebung zu finden. Die rapide Ueberhandnahme der Krankheit in so 

 kurzer Zeit ist nicht lediglich aus der Uebertragung des sterilen Myce- 

 liums durch die Arbeitsleute, das Vieh und die die inficirten Acker be- 

 fahrenden Wagen zu erklären; der Wind spielt sicher eine grössere Rolle, 

 er nimmt wohl sterile Myceliumstückchen mit kleinen pulverigen 

 Erdbodentheilchen zusammen und trägt auch die bisher unbekannten 



