CARINATiE 



Cuculiformes 



European Cuckoo. Cuculus canorus. Plate XLV. 



The eyeground is gray with a suggestion of fawn, everywhere 

 besprinkled with grayish-white dots. Towards the lower quadrants 

 of the fundus, in particular at the extremity of the pecten, the back- 

 ground is suffused with a dull pink. Near the optic nerve on either 

 side are several, plainly visible, orange-red choroidal vessels. 



The macula is seen above the disc towards the nasal side. This 

 area, slightly red in tone, appears depressed below the fundal surface, 

 although no definite fovea is visible with the mirror. 



The papilla is almost completely covered by the pecten so that 

 only the outlines of the former can be seen by the anterior-posterior 

 inspection of the ophthalmoscope. Where the papillary margin is 

 visible it shows extremely white. 



The pecten also extends well above and below the disc terminals 

 and projects deeply into the vitreous chamber. It appears by the 

 mirror to be a chocolate-brown color. Opaque nerve-fibre radiations 

 are seen to originate at the disc margins, whence they cross the back- 

 ground and finally disappear from view at or near the fundal 

 periphery. 



Piciformes 

 Sulphur-breasted Toucan. Rhamphastus Icematus. Plate XL VI. 



The eyeground is dull gray in color, rather regularly spotted 

 with whitish-gray dots. The optic papilla is apparently composed 

 of short, coarse, white fibres which form a sort of fringe all round its 

 margins. Along each of its sides and parallel to its long diameter a 

 few orange-red, choroidal vessels are seen. Radiating from the 

 papillary circumference are numerous opaque nerve fibres that 

 extend to the fundal periphery across the eyeground on all sides. 

 The pecten is almost black-brown in color. 



Above the end of the optic nerve entrance and about half its 

 length to the nasal side are three dark-brown spots, clustered together 

 and surrounded by a small gray reflex. 



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