36 



lidte Søskade, benyttede vi Ajileduingen til at give Læberne 

 en hensigtsmæssigere Form. idet der udenpaa den oprinde- 

 lige Læbe paaklinkedes tyndere Jernlæber, der rakte 3.9 

 cm. (I 1 /:» Tomme) frem foran de gamle. Mundingen blev 

 herved også a noget videre, da de nye Læber havde en 

 divergerende Stilling ndad. tbruden at Læberne blev skar- 

 pere. I Fig. 17 ser man dem afbildet. Denne Anordning 

 viste sig strax som en Forbedring. Det hændte dog un- 

 dertiden, at Læberne greb altfor dybt, saaledes at Skraben 

 i kort Tid fyldte sig med Bundmaterialet, istedetfor kun 

 at skumme tirt Øverste af dette af og først effcer længere 

 Tids Skrabning at fylde Sækken. Denne Ulempe hævedes 

 dog snart ved Anbringelsen af et Par korte Træmejer, som 

 er viste i Figuren, paa begge Sider af Skrabens Jernramme. 

 Mejerne var 4 til 5 Centimeter (l 1 .. til 2 Tommer) 

 brede og af lidt større Længde end Jernrammens Højde, 

 paa Ydersiden og lor begge Ender afrundede. og fastgjorte 

 henimod sine Ender med Surringer dels til Jern-Hanefoden 

 dels til den Kaut af Skraberammen, hvor Sækken var 

 fastsyet. Forenden rakte ganske lidt foran (i Figuren over)' 

 Læbernes Yderkant. 



Sækken var af Kokostougverk, lagt som Matte. Den 

 var syet til Skrabens Jernramme paa dennes Under- eller 

 Bagside, og desuden samménsyet paa Siderne som vist i 

 Figuren, saaledes at den let kunde aabnes og Indholdet 

 lægges frit i Dagen. 



Skraben var, saaledes som Figuren viser, forsynet 

 med en Hanefod, i hvilken Skrabetouget blev fastgjort. 

 Eånefoden var af Jernstenger, med dobbelt Part i den 

 Skraben nærmeste Del. og fæstet til Skraberammen 

 med stærke Ringe, der gik gjennem Huller i denne og 

 gjennem Eanefodens Øjebolt. Den ene Side af Hane- 

 foden bestod i Forhaand af 2 Dele. der endte i Øje- 

 bolte. som var forbundne med en Fangnihg af Skibmands- 

 garn. Denne var beregnet paa at springe, dersom Skraben 

 stodte paa en større Hindring paa Havbunden. som kunde 

 holde den fast, naar begge Hanefodens Arme tråk i Skraben. 

 Med alene den ene Arm som Drag. kunde man i mange 

 Tilfelde g.jore Regning paa at faa Skraben halet rundt 

 Hindringen og løs. 



Til Sækkens Bund var fastgjort en Jernstang, til 

 livilkcii. ud iinod dens Ender, nejedes 2 Svabere paa hver 

 Side. Disse Svabere var af heglet Hamp, noget over l m 

 (.'i Fod) lange. Mange Dyr, som ikke eller i lidet Antal 

 kom ind i Skrabesækken, hang fast ved Svaberne, der saa- 

 ledes var, for visse Dyrearter, et udmærket Fangstapparat. 



Enkelte Gange, paa meget ujevn Bund, hvor man 

 vikle risikere at faa Skraben iturevet, brugtes Svabere alene, 

 festede Hl eu Jernstang, der med Sanefod var festet til 

 Skrabetouget. 



havn in the beginning of July 1876, took advantage of the 

 opportunity afforded to modify the construction of the ap- 

 paratus, with the object of remedying the above-mentioned 

 defect, in whicb we succeeded, by rivetting on to the ou- 

 ter surface of the scrapers another, but thinner pair (Fig. 

 17), projecting an inch and a half beyond the former. In 

 this way greater width was given to the mouth of the 

 dredge. the additional pair of scrapers being made to di- 

 verge from each other; moreover, they had sharper 

 edges. Our modification turned out a decided improve- 

 ment. Xow and again, however, the scrapers would cut 

 too deep. and soon till the dredge-bag with matter from 

 the bottom, instead of skimming off a thin laver from the 

 surface and gradually freighting the apparatas. But this 

 drawback we got rid of by tixing to the franie of the 

 dredge, as shown in the _ tigure. a couple of wooden run- 

 ners, one on eitlier side. These runners had a width of 

 l l j*—'2 inclies, and slightly exceeded in length the height 

 of the frame; they were rounded on tlie outer side and at 

 both ends, and were lashed. near their extremities. to the 

 iron crow-foot, and to the end of the dredge-frame from 

 which the bag depended. The fore part projected a very 

 little beyond the edges of the scrapers. 



The Dredge-bag — of strong cocoa-nut matting — 

 was suspended from the lower end of the frame, and 

 fastened together at the sides in sucli manner as to adinit 

 of being readily opened to expose its contents. 



The dredge, as shown in the tigure, was made fast 

 to the dredge-rope by means of a crow-foot, consisting of 

 iron rods. two-armed in the part nearest the dredge. and 

 attached to the dreclge-frame by strong iron rings, that pass- 

 ed through holes in the frame and through the eyes of 

 the crow-foot. One arm of the crow-foot was in two parts 

 terminating in eyebolts, connected together by a stop 

 oi' spunyarn, so that in case the dredge got jammed 

 among rocks and stones, a strain less than sufficient 

 to> break the dredge-rope would part the stop, alter the 

 position of the dredge, - - which would then be attached 

 to the rope by only one arm of the crow-foot, — and pro- 

 bably enable it to free itself. 



To the bottom of the dredge-bag was attached a long 

 tranverse iron bar, with a couple of "swalis. ' or rather bun- 

 enes of teazed-out hemp, about 3 feet in length, fastened 

 at each of the free ends. Animals that never entered the 

 dredge-bag, or, at best. but rarely and few in number, 

 came up again and again on the tangles. which seem to 

 be singularly well adapted for the capture of certain kinds 

 oi' marine animals. 



Once or twice, on a bottom exceptionally rugged, in- 



volving the risk ol' the dredge being torn or broken, we 

 sent down the tangles alone, attached to an iron lun-. 

 whicb b\ means of n crow-foot was made fast to the 

 dredge-rope. 



