22 



Eu anden Methode var at tåge Tidsintervaller under 

 Indhivningen afLodlinen, idet man lod Indhivningsniaskinen 

 gaa saa jevnt som muligt. Herved tik man bestemt det 

 Tidsrum, Maskinen brugte for at tåge ind 100 Favne saa- 

 velsom det Tidsrum. den med samme Hastighéd tog ind 

 Overskuddet over sidste Hundredefavnemærke, og Længden 

 af det sidste kunde såaledes bestemmes ved simpel Propor- 

 tion. Med jevnt Damptryk og jevn Damptilførsel til Ma- 

 skinen, hvilke er lettere at holde end jevn Bremsning især 

 i urolig So. giver denne Methode gode Resultater. Dens 

 Resultater antoges, naar den anvendtes med de nævnte 

 Forudsætninger, som de definitive, forsaavidt ikke den i 

 det følgende beskrevne Methode kom til Anvendelse. De 

 Lodskud. som i 1876 falde paa Dybderne mellem 100 og 

 300 Favne, beregnedes udelukkende etter den sidst be- 

 skrevne Methode. 



1 (en tredie Methode. der er den sikreste, indførtes 

 forst i IST 7. Idet Loddet løftedes af Bunden, viste Virk- 

 ningen af dets Vægt sig paa Accumulatoreu. der pludselig 

 strakte sig noget ud. En Mand, som stod klar ved agter- 

 ste Spiltap, grel) i dette Øjeblik paa givet Signal med den 

 ene Haand om halende Part af Linen over Midten af Tap- 

 pen, og fulgte med Linen, idet denne ralledes op paa Rul- 

 len, agterover en paa 1 hekket afsat Længde af 3 Favne. 

 Naar han kom til agterste Mærke, slåp han Linen og raabte 

 ,.En". Næste Mand greb da fat om Linen ved Tappen, 

 og naar han kom til agterste Mærke. raabte han ,.To" o.s.v. 

 idet det sidst udløbne Hundredefavnemærke kom i Vand- 

 skorpen varskoedes „Stop". Den søgte Længde afLodlinen 

 fandtes såaledes ved direkte Udmaaling med en Nøjagtig- 

 hed af en Brokdel af en Favn. 



Ved de mindste Dybder, for hvilke Lodlinen var mær- 

 ket for hver l Ode Favn. bestemtes det enkelte Favnetal i 

 B.egelen ved direkte Udmaaling, dels alene, dels som Con- 

 trol for Tidsintervaller med Indhivningsniaskinen. 



Lod iiing mrd Biiillir-Maskhioi. Denne blev gjort i 

 Stand paa Agterdækket lige agtenfor Hytten som for for- 

 klaret. Saasnart de nødvendige Forberedelser med Lodli- 

 nen og Accumulatoren, de samme som ovenfor beskrevne, 

 var færdig, hexedes Lodlinen til Ringen i Baillie-Maskmen 

 eller til overste Ojebidt i Vandhenteren og i dette ,Tilfælde 

 nederste Øjebolt i Vandhenteren til Ringen paa Roret. 

 Linen stivhaltes og lagdes rundt Tapperne paa Indhivnings- 

 niaskinen. Med denne løftedes nu, naar Fartojet var stoppet, 

 det hele over Rækken mellem Hytten og Storvantet (Fig. 

 14) og firedes ned i Våndet for ikke atkomme i Svingning 

 og Berøring med Skibssiden under Fartøjets Bevægelser. 

 Dybvandsthermometrene fastgjordes derefter paa LinenM å 

 2 Favne over Vandhenteren eller Ludderne, bvorpaa man 

 ned Indhivningsniaskinen ndtirede raskt 200 eller 300 Favne. 

 Maskinen standsedes, Stopper paasattes i Forhaand paa 

 Hyttedækket, Linen kastedes ai' Spiltapperne pg rulle. les 



from computation by tiine-intervals almost always proved 

 too high. 



Another method practised was to measure time-inter- 

 vals during the vinding in of the line. due care being 

 tåken to regulate with the greatest nicety the working of 

 the donkey-engine. We could thus determine both the 

 time required for bringing in 100 fa thorns and that needed 

 for bauling in the surplus portion of the line run out 

 after the last 100 fathom slip had reached the water, the 

 lengtb of which vas then computed by simple proportion. 

 With an equable steam pressure and an equable supply of 

 steam, which is much easier to keep up. niore especially 

 in a rough sea. than uniform manual braking, this method 

 vill give good results; and hence.' when carefully obtained, 

 ve regarded such as final, save when the method described 

 below was also had recourse to. The soundings tåken in 

 1*70 that embrace depths from 100 to 300 fathoms. were 

 computed exclusively by this method. 



The tbird method. which is the most trustworthy, was 

 not adopted till 1877. On the lead being lifted from the 

 bottom, its weight tells upon the accumulator. which in- 

 stantly yields a little to the strain. Then. at a given sig- 

 nal, a man. stationed for the purpose at the after drum 

 of the donkey-engine. laid hold of the line as near as nuv 

 be above the middle of the drum. and while the leading 

 part was being wound on the reel. went aft with it for a 

 distance of 3 fathoms. which had been marked off on the 

 deck. and thereupon let go. calling out as he did so — 

 ..One"! Another man then cauglit hold of the line above 

 the drum. went the same distance aft. and cried — ..Two"! 

 aud so on in like manner. The instant the 100 fathom 

 slip last run out appeared above the surface of the water, 

 a man called out — ..Stop"! Tims. by actual measurement, 

 we found the length of the line within a fraction of a 

 fathom. 



Soundings in shallover vater, for which the line was 

 graduated into tens of fathoms. ve generally determined 

 by direct measurement. vhether tåken as independent ope- 

 rations or as a means to test the accuracy of the time- 

 intervals registered when heaving in the lead. 



Sounding with the Baillie Machine. -- As previously 

 stated. this instrument was got ready for use on the after- 

 deck, just abaft the roundhouse. After arranging, in the 

 manner described above. the sounding-line and the accumu- 

 lator. we shackled the fonner either to the ring of the 

 Baillie machine or to the upper eye-bolt of the water- 

 bottle. the lower eye-bolt being in the latter case attached 

 to the ring of the tube. The line was now hauled taut 

 and passed round the drums of the donkey-engine. Then, 

 having deadened the ship's way, ve hoisted, by means ot 

 the donkey-engine. the whole of the gear over the railing. 

 betweiMi the roundhouse and the main shrouds (Fig. 14). 

 and lovered it into' the vater, to prevent the machine from 

 oscillating and from humping against the side of the ves- 

 Sel. The deep-sea tliennomoters were next nitide last to 

 the line. 1 or 1' fathoms above the vater-bottle or the 

 weight, alter which ve rapidly veered 200 or 300 fathoms 



