19 



til at Roret kunde virke og benyttes til at støtte for Af- 

 fald til den ene eller den anden Side. I loj Bris sattes 

 undertiden bakt Fortopsejl, hvorved ppnaaedes større Mod- 

 stand mod Skruens Virkning, saaledes at Maskinen kunde 

 gaa hurtigere forover og med mindre eller ingen Afbrydelse, 

 hvorved Styringen blev saameget mere virksom. Desuclen 

 kunde Fartøjet ogsaa styres ved at hrase Topsejlet. 



Naar Vinden var meget svag. Soen rolig og Dybden 

 ringe, kunde Lodningen udføres ved at hegge Fartøjet tvers 

 paa Vinden med Lodlinen til Luvart. 



Med stiv Kuling og høj Sø var det selvfølgelig nød- 

 vendigt at anvende stor Paapasselighed for at kunne holde 

 Skihet i den rigtige Stilling med Stevnen mod Vinden. 

 Det var under saadanne Omsændigheder ofte ikke muligt 

 for Rorgjængeren med, det langsomt virkende Styreapparat 

 at imdgaa, at Bougen faldt af til den ene eller til den an- 

 den Side. Et begyndende Affald til Styrbord kunde i Re- 

 gelen standses med Styrbord Ror og et Par Slag fuld Fart 

 forover, der kunde give Roret Drejningskraft, uden at Ski- 

 bet begyndte at skyde over Stevn. Hjalp ikke dette, gaves 

 derpaa fuld Fart agterover, hvorved Skruen drejede Agter- 

 skihet til Styrbord — denne Grund var væsentlig bestem- 

 mende for at hule Lodningen foregaa om Bagbord — og 

 fjernede dette fra Lodlinen. og deretter fuld Fart forover 

 med Styrbord Ror. indtil man fik Stevnen op i Vinden 

 igjen og Lodlinen lodret. 



Besværligere blev Manøvren, naar Skihet. uagtet al 

 anvendt Forsigtighed. faldt med Bougen Bagbord lid over 

 Linen. Dersom det da ikke lykkedes ved enkelte Slag for- 

 over og agterover og Skiftning af Horet at faa Vinden ind 

 om Bagbord. saa man med Fart forover og Styrbords Ror 

 kunde komme op i Vinden med Linen klar af Siden, val- 

 der intet andet at gjøre end med afvexlende fuld Fart for- 

 over og agterover at dreje Skibet helt rundt om Lodlinen 

 Bagbord over. indtil man atter kom op med Stevnen mod 

 Vinden, og Linen visende lodret. 



Man kunde ogsaa i ikke altfor svær Sø med Fordel 

 lægge Agterenden mod Vind og Sø. og med Lodlinen til 

 Luvart holde Fartøjet paa Plads med Skruen gauende ag- 

 terover. idet Agterenden i saada.nt Fald altid søger op 

 imod Vinden. 



Lodning meil Rør-Lod. Loddet (med Vandhenter) 

 løftedes', saasnart Skibets Fart var standset. ud over Lodde- 

 broen. og firedes, idet en Mand drejede Svejven paa Rullen, 

 omtrent en Favn ned. Dybvandsthermotneterne sattes fra 

 Loddeliroen fast paa Lodlinen. Ved Rullen stod 2 Mand. 

 med Lanlerhandsker paa Hænderne. paa hver sin Side af 

 denne og trykkede med Magt paa Sidetladernes afrundede 

 Kanter. Alt vai' nu færdigt til at ..Lade gaa". Idet den 

 kommanderende Ofricer fra Loddebroen gav Ordren: ..Lad 

 gaa"! slippedes Svejven paa Rullen løs. Loddet og Lodlinen 

 tog Fart. og Rullen drejede sig rundt. Det er dette Øje- 

 blik. der er fremstillet i Fig. 14. De to Mænd med L;e- 

 derhandskerne regulerede ved sit Tryk paa Rullen Bevægel- 

 sen saaledes. at den blev saa jevn som muligt. hvad der 



with sufricient force to give steerage way aud prevent the 

 ship from falling off. In a light wind ve sometimes set 

 the fore topsail aback. and tims. hy. occasioniug greater 

 resistance to the action of the screw. enabled the engine 

 to work quicker a head and with Little or no interruption, 

 whicb made the steering more effective. The ship could 

 be steered, too. by bracing the topsail. 



If there was very little wind and no sea. we could 

 sound, in coinparatively shallow water, with the vessel laid 

 beam to wind and the line to windward. 



In a stiff hreeze and with a heavy sea running, great 

 care and attention were obviously needed to keep the ship 

 in position with her head to the wind: nay. the helmsman. 

 owing to the necessarily ta r dy action of the steering-gear. 

 found it impossible to prevent her from no w and aga in 

 paying off. If she fell off to starboard, we generally ma- 

 naged to bring her up hy putting the belm a-starboard 

 and starting the engine ahead, a fe.w strokes of the screw 

 being sufficient for the rudder to act. without getting way 

 on the ship. This fa iling, we gave her full speed astern. 

 upon which the action of the screw. bringing the stern of 

 the vessel to starboard. kept it clear of the sounding-line 

 (the certain result of this manæuvre was indeed our main 

 reason for carrying on the sounding operations from the 

 port side), and then steamed full speed ahead till the ship 

 was again head to wind and the line pointed right up 

 and down. 



When the vessel, in spite of every preeaution, had 

 fallen off with her head to port across the line. the dif- 

 ficulty of bringing her to was mucli greater. In that case. 

 if we failed by a few strokes of the screw ahead and astern. 

 and by shifting the heim. in getting the port side to wind- 

 ward. so as. on starting the engine ahead. with the heim 

 a-starboard. to bring the ship head to wind and clear of 

 the line. our only resource lav in working ber head to 

 port rourid the line. by steaming full speed alternately 

 ahead- and astern. till we had again got her head to wind. 

 with the line right up and down. 



In coinparatively moderate weather, we found it a good 

 plan to lav the ship stern to wind and sea. with the line 

 to windward. and keep her in position with reversed 

 engines, the stern then invariably working up against 

 the wind. 



Sounding with tite Tithe-lead. — As soon as the vessel 

 had lost her headway. the lead (with the water-bottle attach- 

 ed) was lifted over the sounding-bridge, and then lowered 

 about a fathom. a man turning the handle of the reel. 

 The deep-sea thermometers were fastened to the line from 

 the bridge. Two men. their hands protected by leather 

 gloves, stood one on either side of the reel. and pressed 

 against the annular rim. of the sheet-iron disks. Everything 

 was now ready for the operation. At the moment the of- 

 ficer in charge, from his statioii on the sounding-bridge, 

 gave the word to let go. the man grasping the handle of 

 tbe reel let go his hold. and the lead imniediately dropped, 

 dragging after it the line. which. in running out. caused 

 the reel to revolve. This is the stage of the operation re- 



