25 



Iiitetsteds paa Øen findes eu Havn. der kan yde et 

 Skili eller en Baad Ly i alle Slags Vejr. 1 Landgang paa 

 Øen er derfor mulig kun naar Soen er forholdsvis rolig, 

 men dette er vistnok en Sjeldenhed, undtagen naar Havisen 

 ligger rundt om Øen. 



Merkværdige ere de to Lnguner. der ere adskilte fra 

 Havet ved Volde af sort Sand, kun nogle faa Meter høje, 

 et Par hundrede Skridt brede, som føre ferskt Vand og hvis 

 Spejl kun ligger ubetydeligt højere end Havet. Vestsidens 

 Lagune er saa dyb. at den vilde kunne give en god Havn. 

 om Tangen blev gjennembrudt i tilstrekkelig Dybde. Øst- 

 sidens Lagune er mindre dyb. 



Jan Mayen ligger ganske i den østgrønlandske Polar- 

 strom. Under lo til 20 Favne er Havets Vand hele Aaret 

 igjennem iskoldt. ' Om Vinteren er der ofte aabent Vand 

 ved Jan Mayen; navnlig passere Sa-llanuerne jevnlig vesten- 

 om Øen. Sommeren er kold, en naturlig Folge af det 

 iskolde Vand. 



Den nordlige Del af .lan Mayen er dækket af evig 

 Sne indtil en Hojde af omkring 700 Meter. Beerenbergs 

 Kegle er snedækt undtagen paa de bratteste Steder, hvor 

 den sorte Fjeldvæg træder frem. Beerenbergs Basis er 

 dækket af en udstrakt Snekaabe, hvorfra -vældige Isbræer 

 skyde sig ned. af hvilke 9 store Bi - æer naa belt til Havet. 



Sydlandet synes ikke at være glacieret. Store Sne- 

 iiekker tindes om Sommeren overalt paa Øen i Nærheden 

 af Havet. 



Jan Mayens Flora er fattig. Men det Grønne mangler 

 ikke. tvertimod danner Mosernes grønne Teppe, der dækker 

 store Partier, en udmerket malerisk Contrast til Berg- 

 arternes sorte, brune og røde Farver. De af Dr. Danielssen 

 paa Ejdet i Syd for Mary Muss Bugten samlede Planter 

 ere. ifølge Bestemmelse af Professor A. Bl ytt. følgende: 



Saxifraga cæspitosa, L. 



— nivdlis, L. 



— oppositifolia, L. 



— rivularis L. 

 Banunculus glacialis, L. 

 Halianthus peploides, Fr. 

 Cerastium alpimim, L? 

 Draba corymbosa, R. Br. 

 Cochlearia officinalis. L. 

 Oocyria digyna, Campd. 

 Catabrosa dlgida, Fr. 



Ai' Pattedyr tindes Fjeldrakken. Canis lagopus, i ikke 

 ganske ringe Autal paa Jan Mayen. Den synes at nære sig 

 af Søfugl. Af Fugle har Hr. Friele noteret følgende Arter : 



1 Lille Sandbugt synes efter Beskrivelsen i Zeespiegel at afgive 

 en god Baadhavn, dækket af udenlnr liggende Skjærgaard. 



Den norske Nordhavsexpedition. H. Molm: Geografi 



Nowhere on the shores of Jan Mayen has a harbour 

 lieen found that could afford a ship or a boat shelfer in 

 all kinds of weather. 1 Hence. to land is possible only 

 with the sea comparatively smooth, whicb it rarely is save 

 wiien drift-ice encompasses the island. 



Specially aoteworthy are the two lagoons, cut off from 

 the sea b\ barriers of black sand. only a few feet high 

 and a couple of hundred paces broad. Tliey botb contain 

 1'resb water, the surface of whicb lies hut very little above 

 that of the sea. The lagoon on the west side of the island 

 is deep enough to afford a good harbour were the barrier 

 cut througb to a sufficient depth. The lagoon on the east 

 side is comparatively shallow. 



Jan Mayen lies wholly within the Greenland Arctic cur- 

 rent. At a depth of from 10 to 20 fathoins, the temperature of 

 the sea is all the year round below zero. In the winter 

 there is frequently opcn water off the coasts of Jan Mayen, 

 sealers otten passing to the west of the island. The sum- 

 mer is naturally cold. from the presence of ice-cold water 

 so near the surface of the sea. 



The northern part of dan Mayen rises, at a height 

 of about 230o feet. into the region of perpetual trost. The 

 upper cone of Mount Beerenberg is snow-capt. save on the 

 steepest parts of its declivify. where the black mountain- 

 wall is seen protruding. The base of Beerenberg is girt 

 with a belt of snow. from whicb prodigious glaciers take 

 their origin, C J of the largest reaching down to the waters 

 edge. 



The southern part of the island would not appear 

 to be glaciated. Large patches of snow are everywhere 

 observed throughout the summer in the vicinity of the sea. 



Jan Mayen has but a meagre Flora. Bright herbage, 

 however. is notwanting; the green carpet of moss. in places 

 of considerable extent. forms a striking and pleasant 

 contrast to the black, brown, aud red of the surrounding 

 rocks. The plants collected by Dr. Danielssen on the isth- 

 mus south of Mary Muss Bay. are. according to Professor 

 A. Bl ytt. as follows: — 



Saxifraga cæspitosa, L. 



— nivalis, L. 



— oppositifolia, L. 



— rivularis, L. 

 Banunculus glacialis, L. 

 Halianthus peploides, Fr. 

 Cerastium alpinum. L.? 

 Draba corymbosa, R. Br. 

 Cochlearia officinalis, L. 

 Oxyria digyna, Campd. 

 Catabrosa algida, Fr. 



( >f mammiferous animals, the Polar fox. Canis lagopus. 

 is by no means rare on Jan Mayen. Of hirds. Mr. 

 Friele has noted the following species: — 



1 Little Sand Bay would appear, according to the account in 

 the "Zeespiegel," to be a good harbour for boats, protected as it is 

 by an outlying chain of islets. 



4 



