69 



disse derimod temmelig almindelige i Dybet vest for Spids- 

 bergen og Beeren Eiland, hvor Drivisen i særlig Grad er 

 fremherskende. Blandt de Stene, som lier blev fundne i 

 Bundprøverne, var smaa Stykker af Lerskifer isærdeleshed 

 talrige. Disse var ofte, medens de endnu befaudt sig i fug- 

 tig Tilstand, meget bløde, stundom ikke synderlig haardere 

 end almindeligt fast Ler. Hvorvidt nogen Forandring af 

 Stenene i denne Retning kan begunstiges af Forholdene 

 paa Dybet, er et Spørgsmaal, som muligens fortjener nær- 

 mere Overveielse. 



Hvad der forøvrigt tiltrækker sig Opmærksomhed, ei- 

 de temmelig hyppige Fund af Flint- og Kridtstykker. der 

 endog forekommer nordenfor den 78de Breddegrad. Som 

 det vil sees. blev der ogsaa paa et Sted (Stat. 100) fundet 

 et i Kridtlbrmationen hjemmehørende Fossil (Belemnites). 

 Kul fandtes i Østhavet (Stat. 266. 269, 275) og i Havet 

 vest for Spidsbergen (Stat. 340, 349, 351). Det kan have 

 sin Oprindelse fra Beeren Eiland og fra Spidsbergen. 



De større Stene, der blev optagne med Skraben eller 

 Travlen er nærmere beskrevne i den foregaaende Forteg- 

 nelse over Stationerne. Blandt disse kan særlig freinhæ- 

 ves folgende: 



Station 18 (en Marmorblok 0.26 X 0.15 X 0.15"', et 

 Stykke af en Breccie), 32 (Pimpsten etc), 40 (Se Side 53), 

 101 (Flint, Kridt etc), 124 (Flint, Kridt etc), 137 (Stene 

 med Skurstriber), 147, 164 (Flint, Kridt, Porfyrmandelsten 

 med Skurstriber, hg Holmestrands eller Tønsbergs). 195, 

 237 (vulkanske Mineraler og Bergarter), 260, 267, 275, 

 (Stenkul), 286, 290. 353 (en Marmorblok ca. 80 Kgr.) 



Slutning. 



Jeg har paa de forste Sider af denne Afhandling 

 kortelig henpeget paa de Kræfter, der paa Forhaand maa 

 an tåges at have været medvirkende ved Dannelsen af Bun- 

 dens Afleiringer i Nordhavet. 



Idet jeg henviser til disse Slutninger a priori, vil jeg 

 nu forsøge paa i al Korthed at fremstille Resultaterne af 

 de foreliggende Undersøgelser. 



Det graa Ler er udbredt over hele Havbundeu fra 

 Kysterne og ned til de største Dybder. Fra 900 a 1100 

 Favne og videre nedover tinder vi imidlertid det graa Ler 

 bedækket af et brunfarvet Sediment (Bilocuhnler), der for- 

 uden ved sin Farve udmærker sig ved sit Indhold af visse 

 Foraminiferer, som ikke forekommer paa de høiere liggende 

 Partier af Havbundeu, hvor det graa Ler er ubedækket. 



witli pebbles in Biloculina clay, they are råtner common 

 in the deep water west of Spitzbergen and Beeren Eiland, 

 where drift-ice specially abounds. Among the pebbles 

 found hore in the bottom-samples, were small fragments 

 of argillaeeous schist, exceedingly mimerous. Sueh frag- 

 ments were often, whilst still in a moist state, verv soft, 

 sometimes but very little barder than common. linn clay. 

 Whether any cbange in the consistence of the pebbles may 

 be produced in the deep layers of the sea, is a ipiestion 

 possibly deserving closer investigation. 



A pheiiomenoii that also attracts attention, are the 

 mimerous fragments of flint and chalk that occur even 

 north of the 78th parallel of latitude. As we have shown, 

 in one locality (St. 100) was found a fossil (belemnite) be- 

 longing to the chalk formation. Goal occurred in the Ba- 

 renfs Sea (Stats. 266, 269, 275), and in the ocean-tract 

 west of Spitzbergen (Stats. 340, 349, 351). Its origin may 

 possibly be traced to Beeren Eiland or Spitzbergen. 



The larger stones brought up with the dredge or 

 trawl have been more accurately described iu the fore- 

 going List of Stations. Amongst such, the following can 

 in particular be specified: — 



Station 18 (a block of marble, measuring o.25x n -G> 

 X 0.15, a fragment of a breccia); Stat. 32 (puinice stone 

 etc); Stat. 40 (see page 33); Stat. 10 1 (flint, chalk, etc); 

 Stat. 124 (flint chalk, etc); Stat. 137 (stones with strire); 

 Stats. 147, 164 (flint, chalk, amygdaloidal porphyry with 

 stria 1 , bearing a strong resemblance to that occurring 

 at Holmestrand and Tønsberg); Stats. 195, 237 (volcanic 

 minerals and rocks); Stats. 260, 267, 275 (coal); Stats. 

 286, 290, 353 (a block of marble, weighing about 80 

 kilogrammes). 



Concluding Remarks. 



In the first pages of this Memoir, I have briefly 

 pointed out the concurrent forces that may be assumed to 

 have cooperated in forming the deposits covering the bot- 

 tom of the North Atlantic 



Referring to these å priori conclusions, I will now 

 give a brief resurné of the results deduced from the in- 

 vestigations here set forth. 



The grey clay is distributed over the whole sea- 

 bottom, from the shallowest coastal tracts down to the 

 greatest depths. At a depth of 900 to 1100 fathoms, 

 and still deeper, this grey clay is, however, covered 

 with a brown sediment (Biloculina clay), distinguished, 

 apart from its colour, by containing certain species of 

 Foraminifera that do not occur in the more elevated parts 

 of the sea-bottom, where the grey clay constitutes the sur- 

 face-layer. 



