[ndsamlingen af Bundprøverne, hidsætter jeg følgende Ud- 

 drag af Hr. Kaptein WiHes Beretning om Apparaterne og 

 deres Brug: 



„Naar Dybden ikke antoges at være over 1000 Favne 

 anvendtes det saakaldte Rørlod. Til Lodning paa større 

 Dyb brugtes Bailhe-Maskinen. 



Rørloddet er af Bly (0.77'" langt og 0.078™ i Dia- 

 meter) og veier 56 Kgr. Det har i den nedre Ende et i 

 en Messingmuffe indskruet Jernrør (0.23 m langt og 0.04™. 

 i indre Diameter) til Optagelse af Prøver fra Bunden. 

 Dette Rør har i den ovre. Ende nogle Huller, for at Vån- 

 det kan slippe ud, naar Bundprøven trænger ind nedenfra. 

 og i den nedre Ende en Butterfly- Ventil, der aabner sig 

 opad, og som hindrer Bundprøven fra at skylles ud under 

 Ophalingen. Naar Røret er afskruet, kau et Sidestykke 

 tåges ud. hvorved Bundprøven kommer tilsyne med sine 

 naturlige Lag og kan undersøges foreløbig, førend den brin- 

 ges paa de dertil bestemte ( Ipbevaringskar. 



Til Oplodning paa over 1000 Favne brugtes Baillie- 

 Maskinen, der var forsynet med den samme Indretning til 

 Optagelse af Bundprøverne som Rørloddet; men Jernrøret 

 var her betydelig større (0.43'" langt og 0.057'" indre 

 Diameter) og kunde derfor skaffe rigeligere Portioner op 

 af Havbundeiv. 



Hvor Slamlagene var mægtige nok til at fylde Jern- 

 rørene i hele deres Længde, kunde Rørloddet og Baillie- 

 Maskinen optage 200 — 700 Gr.' af Havbundens lose Ma- 

 teriale. 



Ombord blev der ikke foretaget nogen grundigere 

 Undersøgelse af Bundprøverne. Man indskrænkede sig til 

 korte Notitser i Loddejournalen om deres Udseende og Art. 

 hvorpaa de opbevaredes paa Glaskrukker til videre Bear- 

 beidelse efter Hjemkomsten. De Benævnelser. der ombord 

 blev tildelt de forskjellige Slags Sedimenter, er væseritlig 

 hydrografiske; de nye Udtryk, der er komne til. skyldes 

 Zoologerne. -Ved tien kortfattede Beskrivelse i Loddejour- 

 nalen har der imidlertid indsneget sig enkelte Misforstaaelser 

 og Feil. som ved denne Afhandling vil blive Gjenstand for 

 en Revision. 



Det fremgik som et umiddelbart Resultat af Observa- 

 tionerne ombord, at de Slamdannelser, .der bedækker Bun- 

 den i Nordhavet; er af en uligeartet Béskaffenhed. 



Vi fandt imidlertid som en Lovmæssighed. at Bund- 

 prøverne kunde inddeles i forskjellige Grupper, hvis særegne 

 Kjendemærker rettede sig efter Forekomststedet. I Over- 

 ensstemmelse med hvad der er forud bekjendt om lignende 

 Forhold, viste det sig. at Dybden var deu væsentligste Be- 

 tingelse for Sedimenternes Udseende og Art. 



Jeg tinder det hensigtsmæssigt, førend jeg gaar over 

 til den nærmere Beskrivelse af Bundprøverne, at give en 



ol' Captain \Ville's contributions to the General Report. 

 are given to explain the eharacter of tbe apparatas w it 1 1 

 wliich the samples were brought ap. 



••When the depth was supposed not to exceed 1000 

 fathoms. we used the tube-lead, as it is called. Kor soun- 

 ding in gr-eater depths the Baillie machine was employed. 



The tube-lead (2 teet li 1 , inches long by 3 inchés in 

 diameter) is of lead, and weighs 112 pounds. At the lower 

 end it has a brass box. into which is screwed an iron tube, ■ 

 9 inches long and 2 inches in diameter, for bringing up 

 samples of the bottom. This tube bas the upper end per- 

 forated with a number of holes to allow of the water pas- 

 sing out on the sample of the bottom pressing in from 

 beneath, and is furnished at tbe lower end with a butterfly 

 valve. opening inwards, to prevent the washing out of tbe 

 sample on its journey to the surface. The tube screwed 

 off. the sample within may, by removing a slip from the 

 side. be disclosed as it lies in situ for preliminary examina- 

 tion. before being tåken to the receptacles in which it is 

 stbred. 



The Baillie machine. used for depths exceeding 1000 

 fathoms. bad the same arrangement as the tube-lead for 

 bringing up samples of the bottom; but the tube being of 

 much greater dimensjons (17 in. long by 2.2 in. in diameter), 

 a proportionally larger quantum of deposit could be obtained 

 with this instrument." 



When the surface-layer was sufficiently extensive in 

 a vertical direction to admit of the tubes being filled 

 throughout their entire length. the tube-lead and the Baillie 

 machine brought up respectively 200 grammes and 700 

 grammes 1 of the bottom. 



( >n board, the samples were not submitted to analysis, 

 hut. after noting their nature and general appearance. care- 

 fully removed to glass jars for subsequent examination. 

 The . characteristic terms given in the sounding-journal to 

 the various descriptions of clay. are chiefly hydrographic; 

 for the various appellative expressions of zoological origin 

 occurring in this Memoir I am indebted to the suggestions 

 of Professor Sårs and the other naturalists to the Expedi- 

 tion. Owing to the compendious form, a few minor errors 

 and misconceptions have slipped into the brief descriptive 

 statement in the sounding-journal. which has accordingly 

 been submitted to a careful revision. 



As a direct result of the cursory inspection on board. 

 it was apparent that the lavers of sedimentary deposit 

 co veiing the bed of the North Atlantic differ considerably 

 in eharacter. 



Meanwhile. a marked regularity of occurrence admitted 

 of arranging the samples in definite groups. with distinctive 

 features exclusively referrable to locality. In aecørdance 

 with analogous phenomena previously investigated, depth 

 proved the main condition determining the nature and ap- 

 pearance of the deposits. 



Before proceeding to give a detailed description of 

 the samples of the bottom collected on the Norwegian North- 



Vægten af Slammet i tørret Tilstand. 



1 Weight of the claj when dried. 



