TAXACEAE 37 



4. JUNIPERUS L. 



Shrubs or trees. Leaves in 3 's, subulate, neither imbricated nor appressed, 

 glandless. Staminate aments axillary. Ovulate aments with ovules alternate with the 

 scales. Cones baccate. Seeds wingless. Spring. Juniper. 



A depressed shrub, with creeping branches: leaves abruptly bent at the base, deeply channeled, rather 

 abruptly pointed. 1- J- Sibirica. 



A tree or an erect shrub : leaves straight or nearly so, shallo wly channeled, gradually 



acuminate. 2. J. communis. 



1. Juniperus Sibirica Burgsd. A depressed shrub, the radiating branches 

 rarely rising over 5 dm., often matted: leaves stout, mostly 5-& mm. long, abruptly 

 curved at the base, erect or erect-ascending, abruptly pointed: cones globular, 8-10 

 mm. in diameter. 



In dry or stony soil, Labrador to Alaska southward in the Appalachian and Rocky 

 Mountains. Also in Europe and Asia. 



2. Juniperus communis L. An erect shrub, or a tree becoming 8 m. tall : 

 leaves slender, 10-20 mm. long, spreading, gradually narrowed at the apex: cones 

 globular, 6-8 mm. in diameter. 



On dry rocky hills, Labrador to Saskachewan, Georgia and New Mexico. Also in Europe 

 and Asia. Jdnipee. 



5. SABINA Haller. 



Shrubs or trees. Leaves scale-like, except sometimes on twigs, appressed, often 

 imbricated, each with a gland in the back. Staminate aments, terminal on branchlets. 

 Ovulate aments with ovules opposite the scales. Cones baccate. Seeds wingless. 

 Spring. Cedar. Savin. 



Cones 3-6 mm. long: seeds 2-4 mm. long, smooth. 



Staminate aments 3-4 mm. long: cones 5-6 mm. long. 1. S. Virginiana. 



Staminate aments 4-5 mm. long: cones 3-4 mm. long. 2. S. Barbadensis. 



Cones 8-10 mm. long: seeds 6-8 mm. long, ribbed. '^'i 3. S. sabinoides. 



1. Sabina Virginiana (L.) Antoine. A tree becoming 30 m. tall: scale-like 

 leaves opposite, 4-ranked, l-4i mm. long, acute : staminate aments 3-4 mm. long : 

 cones ovoid, 5-6 mm. long, glaucous: seeds 3-4 mm. long, smooth. 



On dry hills or in swamps, nearly throughout temperate North America. Red Cbdab. 



2. Sabina Barbadensis (L.) Small. A shrub or tree similar to S. Virginiana 

 in habit, but with shorter and rather thicker leaves, the relatively blunt apex closely 

 appressed: staminate aments 4-5 mm. long: cones ovoid or oval-ovoid, 3-4 mm. long. 



On sandy or clay soil, in the coastal plain, South Carolina to Florida and Texas. Also 

 in the West Indies. 



3. Sabina sabinoides (H.B.K.) Small. A shrub, or tree becoming 15 m. tall: 

 scale-like leaves 1-2 mm. long, blunt, minutely fringed: staminate aments about 4 

 mm. long: cones globular, 8-10 mm. in diameter, glaucous: seeds 6-8 mm. long, 

 ribbed. 



On hillsides, mostly in limestone soil, Texas and New Mexico. Mountain Cedae. 



Family 3. TAXACEAE Lindl. Yew Family. 



Evergreen shrubs or trees, mostly destitute of resin, the buds scaly. Leaves 

 distichously spreading: blades narrow, entire. Staminate aments mostly few- 

 flowered, with scaly involucres. Ovulate aments mostly 1-flowered, the carpel- 

 lary scale wanting. Fruit baccate or drupaceous, wholly or partially enclosed 

 by a pulpy cup -like aril. 



Ovulate flowers usually 2 together: ovule borne in a cup: seed enclosed in the accrescent cup: en- 

 dosperm channeled: pollen-sacs 4. 1. Tumion. 



Ovulate flowers usually solitary: ovule borne on a disk: seed surrounded by the ac- 

 crescent disk: endosperm even: pollen-sacs more than 4. 2. Taxus. 



1. TUMION Kaf. 

 Trees. Leaves rigid. Staminate aments with 4 pollen-sacs under each scale. 

 Ovulate aments usually with 2 ovules. Seeds bacate, the pericarp fleshy. 



1. Tumion taxifolium (Arn.) Greene. A tree becoming 18 m. tall, with a 

 disagreeable odor when bruised: leaf -blades linear, 1.5-3 cm. long, firm-tipped: 

 staminate aments 5-8 mm. long; fruits globose-oblong or somewhat obovoid, 3-4 cm. 

 long, glaucous. 



Along the Apalachicola River, western Florida. Spring. Stinking Cedar. 



