ULMACEAE 365 



Leaf-blades of an ovate type.' 



Twigs glabrous. 1. C. occidentalis. 



Twigs puberulent. 



Leaf-blades green beneath, glabrous or slightly pubescent. 

 Mature drupes 7-10 mm. in diameter. 



Leaf-blades barely reticulated : species of the middle and eastern 



United States". 2. C. a-assifolia. 



Leaf-blades conspicuously reticulated : western species. 3. C. reticulata. 



Mature drupes 5-7 mm. in diameter. 4. C. Georgiana. 



Leaf-blades gray beneath and subtomentose. 5. C. Heller i. 



Leaf-blades of a lanceolate type. 



Leaf-blades entire or nearly so. 6. C. Mississippiensis. 



Leaf-blades sharply serrate. 7. C. SniaUH. 



1. Celtis occidentalis L. A tree, sometimes reaching a height of 40 m., with a trunk 

 diameter of 1 m., tlie twigs glabrous. Leaf -blades ovate or rarely oblong-ovate, 5-15 cm. 

 long, usually abruptly acuminate, sharply serrate except at the oblique, truncate or cordate 

 base, smooth or nearly so above, short-petioled : drupes subglobose or globose, 7-10 mm. in 

 diameter, orange, purple or nearly black when mature. 



On river banks and in rich soil, Quebec to Manitoba, North Carolina, Alabama and Kansas. 



2. Celtis crassifolia Lam. A shrub or tree, with puberulent twigs. Leaf-blades 

 ovate, firm in texture, 3-12 cm. long, acute or short-acuminate at the apex, often truncate 

 or cordate at the base, usually serrate to near the apex, pubescent, scabrous on the upper 

 surface, short-petioled : drupes 7-10 mm. in diameter, red-purple or nearly black at matur- 

 ity, oval or subglobose. 



In dry or stony soil, New York to Kansas, South Carolina and Tennessee. 



3. Celtis reticulata Torr. A small tree 3-15 m. tall, with pubescent twigs and foliage, 

 the bark blue-gray, smooth or with high corky warts. Leaf-blades ovate, 3-7 cm. long, 

 obtuse or acuminate, more or less revolute, entire or serrate, very scabrous above, pubes- 

 cent and very prominently rugose-nerved beneath, truncate or cordate at the oblique base ; 

 petioles 4-10 mm. long, pubescent : drupes globose, 7-10 mm. in diameter, orange-red. 



In rocky places, southern Colorado to Texas and Arizona. 



4. Celtis Georgiana Small. A diffuse shrub or small tree, with slender, often pin- 

 nately arranged branches, the leafy twigs pubescent. Leaf-blades ovate, 2-5 cm. long, 

 acute or short-acuminate, entire or sharply serrate above the middle, inequilateral, rounded 

 or truncate at the oblique base, scabrous and sometimes sparingly pubescent on the upper 

 surface ; petioles short, pubescent : pedicels short, often not longer than the diameter of the 

 fruit : drupes globose or subglobose, 5-7 mm. in diameter, red-purple or tan-color. 



In rocky places and along streams, Maryland and Missouri to Georgia, Florida and Alabama. 



5. Celtis H611eri Small. A much-branched wide-spreading tree, sometimes 10 m. 

 tall, with a maximum trunk diameter of 1.5 m., the bark of the trunk and main branches 

 -with numerous corky warts. Leaves rather firm ; blades ovate to oblong, 4-7 cm. long, 

 obtuse or acute, crenate-serrate, especially above the middle, rounded or subcordate at the 

 base, deep green and scabrous-pubescent above, pale and tomentose beneath, slightly in- 

 equilateral, oblique at the base ; petioles stout, 3-4 mm. long, tomentose : pedicels sparingly 

 pubescent, curved, 1-1.5 cm. long: drupes subglobose, 7-9 dm. in diameter, light brown, 

 translucent, smooth and shining : seeds globose, strongly 4-ribbed, prominently retic- 

 ulated. 



In dry grounds, southern Texas. 



6. Celtis Mississippi^nsis Bosc. A large tree, reaching a height of 30 m., with a 

 maximum trunk diameter of about 1 m., the bark light gray, usually covered with high 

 corky warts. Leaf -blades lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 6-12 cm. long, 

 long-acuminate at the apex, entire or nearly so, rounded, truncate or subcordate at the 

 oblique base, dark green and smooth above, pale beneath ; petioles 4-10 mm. long : pedicels 

 slender, 1-2 cm. long : drupes globose or globose-ovoid, 5-7 mm. in diameter, purple-black 

 or orange-red. 



Mostly along streams, Indiana and Illinois to Texas and Florida. 



7. Celtis Sm^Uii Beadle. A tree usually smaller than C ilAW,ssi/>piensis. Leaf-blades 

 thin, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 5-10 cm. long, acuminate, sometimes with conspic- 

 uously elongated tips, sharply and irregularly serrate, wedge-shaped or rounded at the base, 

 delicately but usually conspicuously veined, slender-petioled : pedicels slender, mostly 

 longer than the petioles : drupes subglobose, 5-7 mm. in diameter. 



Sandy or rocky soil. North Carolina and Tennessee to Georgia and Alabama. 



1 Key and descriptions revised by Mr. C. D. Beadle. 



