436 KANUNCULACEAE 



divided into acute serrate lobes : scapes 5-10 dm. high, stout, branching at the involucre, 

 the lateral peduncles bearing secondary involucres : bracts of both primary and secondary 

 involucres similar to the leaves, with petioles 2.5-5 cm. long: sepals generally 5, white or 

 greenish, acute or obtuse : calyx 18-30 mm. broad : head of fruit oblong, 18-25 mm. long, 

 mostly over 1 cm. thick : achenes compressed, woolly, each tipped with the subulate style. 

 In woods or thickets, Nova Scotia to Kansas, Manitoba and the Canadian Rocky Mountains to 

 middle Georgia. Summer. 



4. Anemone riparia Fernald. Foliage glabrate or loosely pubescent, or silky above. 



Leaves several ; blades thin, 3-divided, the divisions lanceolate to ovate, acuminate at 



the base, coarsely and sharply toothed, the lateral divisions deeply cleft on the lower side : 



scapes 3-9 dm. tall : bracts of the involucre 3, quite similar to tiie leaves, subtending 1-5 



peduncles: sepals thin, white, unequal, oval or obovate, 1.5-2 cm. long, obtuse or rather 



acute: head of fruit short-cylindric, 1.5-2 cm. long, barely 1 cm. thick : achenes with 



appressed or ascending styles. 



In rocky soil or on steep banks. New Brunswick to Quebec and along the mountains to Nortb 

 Carolina and Tennessee. Summer. 



5. Anemone quinquefolia L. Foliage nearly glabrous. Leaves basal ; blades 

 5-divided, 4-11 cm. broad, appearing later than the scapes, the divisions oblong or ovate, 

 more or less cuneate at the base: scapes erect, 1-2.5 dm. tall, slender, simple: bracts of 

 the involucre 3, slender-petioled, 3-5-parted, the segments 1.5-3 cm. long, acute, lobed or 

 incised : flower solitary, 2-2.5 cm. broad : sepals 4-9, white, or purplish without : head of 

 fruit globose, inclined : achenes oblong, 4-5 mm. long, pubescent, the styles hooked. [A. 

 nemorosa Michx., not L. ] 



In low woods, Nova Scotia to the Rocky Mountains, middle Georgia and Alabama. Spring. 



6. Anemone trif olia L. Foliage nearly glabrous throughout. Leaves basal ; blades 

 mostly 3-divided (sometimes 4-5-divided ), long-petioled, dentate, often somewhat lobed : 

 scapes erect, relatively stout, 1-4 dm. tall : involucral bracts 3, stout ; blades petioled, 

 3-parted, the divisions oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate at the apex, dentate, often 

 coarsely so, 2.5-7.5 cm. long : flower solitary, white, 2.5-4 cm. broad when expanded : 

 pedicel 2.5 10 cm. long: sepals oblong: head of fruit globose, 10-12 mm. in diameter: 

 achenes 10-20, oblong, finely pubescent, each tipped with the hooked style. 



In woods, southern Pennsylvania to Virginia and Georgia, ehieflv in the mountains. Also 

 in south-central Europe. Spring." 



14. SYNDESMON Hoflrag. 



Perennial herbs, the slender scapes from a cluster of tuberous-thickened roots. Leaves 

 basal : blades 2-3-ternately compound. Bracts of the involucre similar to the leaves 

 but sessile. Flowers large, terminal, umbelhite, slender-pedicelled. Sepals white, thin, 

 petal-like. Petals wanting. Stamens all anther-bearing. Stigma sessile, truncate. Achenes 

 plump, deeply grooved. [Anemnnella Spach.] 



1. Syndesmon thalictroides i L. ) Hoftmg. Foliage glabrous. Scapes arising in 

 early spring from the cluster of tuberous roots, 1-2.5 dm. high : leaves basal, appearing 

 and resembling those of Thalictrum ; blades ternately-compound : bracts of the involucre 

 similar to the leaf-blades, sessile; leaflets long-stalked: flowers 1-2.5 cm. broad, perfect, 

 umbellate, immediately above the involucre : sepals 5-10, white or pinkish, longer than the 

 stamens: stigmas depressed-truncate, sessile: achenes sessile, pointed, 8-12 mm. long. 

 \_Anemonella thalictroides ( L. ) Spacli.] 



In woods, Ontario and nearly throughout the eastern United States, westward to Kansas and Min- 

 nesota. Spring. Rue Anemone. Wind Rue. 



15. CLEMATIS L. 



Vines, usually climbing over shrubs. Leaves opposite : blades 3-several-foliolate, 



the leaflets entire, toothed or incised. Flowers several or many in broad paniculate cymes, 



dioecious or polygamo-dioecious. Sepals relatively small but petaloid, without a border, 



thin, white or pale, spreading. Petals wanting. Stamens sprending : anthers short and 



blunt. Pistils several. Achenes 1 -seeded, with silky or plumose styles. 



Leaflets less than 4 cm. long : styles .VIO cm. long at maturity. 1. C. Brummondii. 

 Leallets over .'i cm, long : styles 2.5-4 cm. long at maturity. 



Leaf-blades mainly 3-foliolate. 2. C. Virgin iana. 



Leaf-blades mainly twice ternately compound. 3. C Cat(Kl>!/aiia. 



1 Clematis Drummondii T. <& G. A climbing or straggling vine, with cinereous- 

 pubescent foliage. Leaves numerous ; blades mainly pinnately 5-7-foliolate ; leaflets 



