456 NYMPHAEACEAE 



to elliptic or elliptic-oblanceolate, concave, obtuse : appendages of the anthers 4-7 mm. 

 long : fiiiit turbinate-hemispheric or nearly hemisplieric, becoming hard, 7-10 cm. broad : 

 nuts subglobose, 10-12 mm. in diameter. 



In ponds and slow streams, locally, Ontario to Michigan, Florida and Texas. Summer. 



Family 8. NYMPHAEACEAE DC. Water Lily Family. 



Perennial acaulescent herbs, with more or less elongated often tuber-bearing 

 rootstocks. Leaves alternate : blades leathery or those of submersed leaves 

 membranous and delicate, all with a siuus at the base, petioled. Flowers per- 

 fect, terminating elongated scapes. Sepals 4-6, often green. Petals numerous, 

 usually passing into staminodia or stamens, decaying. Androecium of numer- 

 ous stamens. Anthers introrse, adnate. Gynoecium of several carpels more 

 or less united into a compound ovary. Stigmas united into a disk with radiat- 

 ing stigmatic lines. Ovules very numerous on the walls of the ovary. Fruit a 

 leathery many-seeded berry. Seeds often shining, with the embryo enclosed in 

 a sac at the base of the fleshy endosperm. 



Petals small, fllament-like : stamens hypogynous. 1. Nymphaea. 



Petals as large as the sepals : stamens epigynous. 2. Castalia. 



1. NYMPHAEA L. 



Aquatic herbs, perennial by large horizontal rootstocks. Leaves numerous : blades 

 long-petioled, with a sinus at the base ; those erect or floating, leathery ; those submersed 

 membranous. Flowers yellow, erect at the ends of the elongated scapes. Sepals 5-6, 

 leathery, concave. Petals 10-20, small, filament-like. Filaments flattened. Carpels sev- 

 eral, united into a several-celled ovary : stigmas forming an 8-24-radiate disk. Ovules 

 numerous, pendulous. Fruit leathery. [Auphar Sibth. & Smith.] Spatter Dock. 

 Bonnets. 



Leaf-blades elongated, fully 5 times as long as the sinuses. 1. N. sagittaefolia. 



Leaf-blades ovate, oval or suborbicular, less than 4 times as long as the sinuses. 

 Leaf-blades manifestly longer than broad, ovate or oval or somewhat oblong. 

 Stigmatic disk with lines terminating remote from the edge : leaf-blades ob- 

 long-ovate. 2. N. macrophylla. 

 Stigmatic disk with lines terminating near the edge: leaf-blades ovate or oval. 3. N. advena. 

 Leaf-blades suborbicular. 4. N. orbiculata. 



1. Nymphaea sagittaefolia Walt. Perennial by thick rootstocks, the foliage gla- 

 brous. Leaves of two kinds, the submerged numerous, with membranous, crisped, lanceo- 

 late or ovate-lanceolate blades : emersed leaves leathery ; blades narrowly ovate to almost 

 linear, 1.5-4 dm. long, undulate, obtuse, the sinus open : flowers yellow, 2.5-3 cm. in di- 

 ameter : sepals 5 : stamens in 4-5 rows : stigmatic disk with 11-15 lines, crenate : berry 

 ovoid, about 2.5 cm. long, constricted into a neck. 



In ponds and slow streams, southern Indiana and Illinois to North Carolina and Florida. Spring 

 and summer. 



2. Nymphaea macrophylla Small. Perennial from very thick horizontal root- 

 stocks, briglit green. Foliage glabrous or nearly so : emersed leaves leathery ; petioles 

 short, sometimes sparingly pubescent ; blades oblong-ovate, 3-8 dm. long, obtuse, notched 

 at the apex, 1-2.5 dm. broad at the middle, the sinus V-shaped, or rarely closed ; flowers 

 erect, subglobose, 3-5 cm. in diameter: sepals leathery, 2.5-3 cm. long, concave : petals 

 yellow, slightly longer than the sepals : stamens numerous: stigmatic disk becoming 3-3.5 

 cm. broad, often deeply crenate, the coarse stigmatic lines not approaching the edge : 

 berry ovoid, 3-4 cm. high, coarsely ribbed above the middle : seeds subglobose, 5-6 mm. 

 in diameter. 



In ponds, creeks and slow streams, Florida to Louisiana. Spring to fall. 



3. Nymphaea ddvena Soland. Perennial by thick rootstocks, light green. Leaves 

 glabrous or nearly so, of two kinds, tlie submerged with suborbicular membranous blades on 

 short petioles ; emersed with long petioles ; blades leathery, erect or rarely floating, oval 

 or nearly so, 1-3 dm. long, rounded or retuse at the apex, the sinus open or rarely closed : 

 flowers yellow, erect on stout scapes, depressed-globose : sepals obovate, rounded at the 

 apex : petals obovate, rarely tinged with purple : anthers and filaments about equal in 

 length : stigmatic disk yellow or pale red, with 12-24 lines, which terminate near the 



