BRASSICACEAE 477 



2. Brassica jiincea (L.) Cosson. Glabrous, more or less glaucous. Stems 3-17 dm. 



tall, usually sparingly branched : leaves 5-17 cm. long or shorter on the upper part of the 



plant ; blades oblong to oval on the lower part of the plant, narrower above, all coarsely 



toothed or lyrate-pinnatitid, none of them clasping: racemes elongated: pedicels 6.5-10 



mm. long, not appressed : sepals narrow, 3.5-4.5 mm. long: petals yellow, fully twice as 



long as the sepals : pods slender, 2.5-4.5 cm. long, the subulate beak about J or \ as long 



as the body. 



In waste places, New Hampshire to Michigan, Kansas and Georgia. Adventive or naturalized 

 from Asia. Spring and summer. 



3. Brassica arv^nsls (L. ) B.S. P. Hispid. Stems 3-6 dm. tall, more or less 



branched above : basal and lower leaves coarsely toothed or lyrate-pinnatifid, the terminal 



segment several times longer than the others ; upper leaves ovate, lanceolate, or obovate, 



coarse-toothed, sessile or nearly so, not clasping : pedicels ascending or erect, 3-5 mm. 



long : sepals spreading, oblong, 5-6 mm. long, obtuse : petals yellow, spatulate, twice as 



long as the sepals : pods slender, 2-3.5 cm. long, the body slightly constricted between 



the seeds, the beak nearly j as long as the body, sometimes 1-seeded, the valves strongly 



nerved. \_Sinapis arvensis L.] 



In waste places and fields, throughout North America, except the extreme north. Adventive 

 from Europe. Spring to fall. Charlock. Wild Mustard. 



4. Brassica campestris L. Glabrous, more or less glaucous. Stems 3-6 dm. tall, 

 simple or widely branching : lower leaves 1-3 dm. long, with short petioles and lyrate-pin- 

 natifid blades ; upper leaves shorter than the lower, sessile, clasping, entire or toothed : 

 racemes elongating : pedicels ascending, 1-2 cm. long : sepals oblong, 3-5 cm. long : petals 

 bright yellow, twice or thrice longer than the sepals : pods slender, terete, 3-7 cm. long, 

 each narrowed into a beak often 1 cm. long : seeds dark brown. 



In waste places and cultivated grounds, southern British America and the United States. Adven- 

 tive from Europe. Spring to fall. Turnip. 



17. CAKILE Gaertn. 

 Annual chiefly maritime fleshy caulescent herbs, with glabrous foliage. Leaves alter- 

 nate : blades entire or pinnatifid. Flowers perfect, in racemes. Sepals erect, somewhat 

 gibbous at the base. Corolla white to purple, the 4 petals surpassing the sepals. Stamens 

 6 : filaments not toothed. Ovary sessile : style wanting : stigma entire. Ovule solitary. 

 Pods indehiscent, 2-jointed, the joints 1-celled, 1-seeded, or the lower joint 2-seeded. Coty- 

 ledons accumbent. The plants flower from spring to fall, or throughout the year in the 

 South. Sea Rocket. 



Lower joint of the pod 2-seeded. 



Upper joint of the pod coarsely 8-ridged, over 1 cm. long. 1. C. geniadata. 



Upper joint of the pod delicately 4-ridged, less than 1 cm. long. 2. C.fusiformis. 



Lower joint of the pod 1-seeded. 



Upper joint of the pod slender, slightly, if at all, thicker than the lower. 3. C. Americana. 



Upper joint of the pod swollen, markedly thicker than the lower. 



Pod without lateral projections at the node, the upper joint not constricted. 



Pod with a 4-ridged upper j oint. 4. C. edcntula. 



Pod with a 6-10-ridged upper joint. 



Facial ridges of the upper 'joint 8, sharp. 5. C. Harperi. 



Facial ridges of the upper joint 6 or 10, rounded. 



Upper joint 6-ridged. 6. C. Chapmanii. 



Upper joint 10-ridged. 7. C. Cubensis. 



Pod with 2 lateral projections at the node, the upper joint much constricted. 8. C. Cakilc. 



1. Cakile geniculata (Robinson) Millsp. Stout, glabrous. Stem branched and 

 more or less spreading, 1-4 dm. long : leaves 3-7 cm. long ; blades oblanceolate or linear- 

 oblanceolate, entire, or with a few coarse rounded teeth, tapering into short petioles : ra- 

 cemes becoming 1-2 dm. long, the rachis strongly geniculate : pedicels very stout, spreading 

 or somewhat ascending, 3-6 mm. long: sepals narrowly oblong, 2.5-3 mm. long, obtuse: 

 pods stout, about 2.5 cm. long ; lower joint narrowly turbinate, with a prominent border 

 at the top ; upper joint lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate in outline, usually curved, twice as 

 long as the lower one, both joints prominently 8-ribbed. 



In sand, on the coast of Texas. 



2. Cakile fusiformis Greene. Not especially fleshy. Stems erect or branched and 

 spreading, 3-7 dm. long, of rather firm tissues : leaves 5-15 cm. long ; blades ovate in outline, 

 laciniate-pinnatifid, obtuse, the segments linear, ascending or spreading ; petioles shorter 

 than the blades : racemes greatly elongating, finally 2-4 dm. in length : pedicels ascending, 

 1-4 mm. long: serials linear-oblong, 3.5-4 mm. long, obtuse: pods slender, 1.5-2.5 cm. 

 long ; lower joint turbinate to cylindric-turbinate ; upper joint subulate or lanceolate- 

 subulate, longer tlian the lower, delicately 4-ridged, the lower joint nearly terete. 



In sand, Florida Keys to Mississippi. Also in Cuba. 



