CAPPARIDACEAE 489 



3. POLANISIA Eaf. 

 Annual often clammy-glandular fetid herbs, with erect stems. Leaves alternate, 

 without stipules : blades simple or 3-foliolate, the upper ones often reduced. Flowers 

 somewhat irregular, in terminal bracted racemes. Sepals 4, imbricated, spreading, some- 

 times purplish, deciduous. Receptacle inconspicuous, developed into a solid gland on the 

 upper side. Petals 4, hypogynous, deciduous : blades imbricated in aestivation, entire or 

 notched at the apex, narrowed into very slender claws, turned toward the appendage on 

 the receptacle. Stamens 12-32 : filaments filiform, purple, more or less declined, the outer 

 ones shorter : anthers introrse. Ovary elongated, viscid-glandular, sessile or short-stalked : 

 style filiform, deciduous : stigma depressed. Capsule elongated, silique-like, flattened, 

 sessile, 2-valved at the apex. Seeds numerous, conduplicate. Clammy -aveed. 



Stamens slightly longer than the petals. 1. P. gravcolens. 

 Stamens much surpassing the petals. 



Petals 10 mm. long or shorter: filaments 10-12 mm. long. 2. P. frachysperma. 



Petals 12 mm. long or longer : filaments 30-50 mm. long. 3. P. uniglandulosa. 



1. Polanisia gravcolens Raf. Heavy-scented, clammy-pubescent. Stems 1-8 dm. 

 tall, branching, rarely spreading : leaf-blades 3-foliolate ; petioles about as long as the ter- 

 minal leaflet, slender; leaflets 1.5-3.5 cm. long, the blades elliptic to oblong or ob- 

 ovate, obtuse or acutish, entire, nearly sessile : racemes 1-3 dm. long : lower bracts 3- 

 foliolate, upper bracts 1-foliolate : sepals oblong, 3 mm. long, abruptly acuminate : petals 

 white to pink, 4-5 mm. long ; claws shorter than the suborbicular blades, which are 

 notched at the apex : stamens hardly longer than the petals : capsules linear-oblong, 3-5 

 cm. long, erect : seeds 2 mm. broad, minutely roughened. 



On gravelly or sandy shores, Quebec to the Northwest Territory, New York, Tennessee and Colo- 

 rado. Summer. 



2. Polanisia trachysperma T. & G. Stout, clammy-pubescent. Stems simple or 

 branching : leaf-blades 3-foliolate ; petioles longer than the leaflets, stoutish ; leaflets 1-4 

 cm. long, the blades elliptic, oval or obovate, obtuse or acutish, entire, sessile : racemes 

 3-10 mm. long : bracts 1-foliolate, ovate, 0.5-1 cm. long : sepals lanceolate, 5 mm. long, 

 ciliate, acuminate : petals 4, 8-10 mm. long ; claws as long as the notched blades or longer : 

 stamens long-exserted : capsules erect, linear, 4-6 cm. long, about twice as long as the ped- 

 icels : seeds 2 mm. broad, j^itted and wrinkled all over. 



In dry soil, Iowa to British Columbia, Texas, Arizona and Nevada. Summer and fall, 



3. Polanisia uniglandulosa (Cav. ) DC. Foliage clammy-pubescent. Stems erect, 

 2-7 dm. tall, simple or branching : leaf-blades 3-foliolate ; petioles about as long as the 

 leaflets or longer ; leaflets 1-3 cm. long, the blades elliptic, oval, ovate or obovate, ob- 

 tuse or acutish, entire, sessile or nearly sessile : racemes 0.5-3 dm. long : bracts chiefly 

 1-foliolate, ovate : sepals lanceolate, about 5 mm. long, acuminate, glandular and ciliate : 

 petals 4, about 1 cm. long ; claws longer than the obovate or cuneate notched blades : 

 stamens conspicuously exserted : capsules linear-oblong, erect, 3-7 cm. long, hardly stipi- 

 tate, about twice as long as the pedicels : seeds 2 mm. broad, minutely wrinkled. 



In dry soil, along the Rio Grande, Texas and Mexico. Spring to fall. 



4. PEDICELLARIA Schrank. 



Glabrous pubescent or glandular herbs. Leaves alternate, without stipules : blades 

 palmately{3-7-foliolate, commonly petioled. Flowers nearly regular, white or purplish, in 

 terminal leafy-bracted racemes. Sepals 4, spreading, deciduous. Receptacle depressed- 

 hemispheric. Petals 4, hypogynous, often imbricated, entire or crenulate, narrowed into 

 slender claws, inserted under the receptacle. Stamens 6 : filaments filiform, distinct above, 

 united below and adnate to the stalk of the ovary for at least h its length. Ovary long- 

 stalked : style wanting : stigma depressed. Ovules numerous. Capsule elongated, silique- 

 like, somewhat flattened, its stalk apparently jointed at the junction of the filaments. 

 Seeds conduplicate, with a rugose or tuberculate testa. \_Gynandropsis DC] 



1. Pedicellaria pentaphylla (L. ) Schrank. Annual, bright green, clammy-pubes- 

 cent. Stem 5-10 dm. tall, branching : leaf-blades palmately 3-5-foliolate ; petioles longer 

 than the leaflets ; leaflets 2-6 cm. long, the blades oval to obovate, acute or short-acumi- 

 nate, serrulate : racemes 1-4 dm. long : bracts suborbicular, oval or broadly obovate : 

 sepals lanceolate, 4-5 mm. long, acuminate : petals white or pink, 5-10 mm. long : blades 

 suborbicular, longer than the claws : capsules linear, 4-6 cm. long, surpassing the glandu- 

 lar pedicel in length : seeds 1-5 mm. broad, coarsely rugose and muricate. [Gyrumdropsis 

 pentaphylla ( L. ) DC. ] 



In waste places. Georgia and Florida to Louisiana. Naturalized from tropical America, but origi- 

 nally from the Old World. Summer. 



