EOSACEAE 519 



cuneate or obovate-cuneate, 1.5-2 cm. long: fruit subglobose, or oval, 1-1.5 cm. high, 

 rather dry, black. 



In dry woods or rocky soil, Maine to New York and Georgia. Spring. 



20. Rubus hispidus L. A slender bristly or prickly shrub, with trailing stems, the 



branches erect or ascending, 1-3 dm. tall. Leaves relatively few, mostly 3-foliolate : blades 



of the leaflets rather leathery, 1-4 cm. long, usually obtuse at the apex, unequally serrate, 



the terminal one narrowly or broadly cuneate, the lateral ones oval or suborbicular varying 



to ovate or obovate : flowers solitary, or a few in corymbs : petals white or pinkish, spatu- 



late to cuneate-obovate, 5-8 mm. long : fruit of few drupelets about 1 cm. in diameter, 



black, sour. 



In woods, thickets or damp places, Nova Scotia to Minnesota, Georgia and Kansas. Spring and 

 summer. 



21. Rubus carpinifolius Eydb. A slender trailing shrubby vine, with bristly and 

 weak-pricjvly stems, the flowering branches 2-3 dm. long, armed with flatter and more re- 

 curved prickles than the stem, the lower leaves 5-foliolate, the upper 3-foliolate : blades 

 of the leaflets very thin, the terminal one oblong to elliptic-oblong, 4-6 cm. long, somewhat 

 longer than the lateral ones, the lateral ones ovate to cuneate, all glabrous, rather coarsely 

 and mostly doubly serrate with ovate teeth : inflorescence few-flowered, the peduncles elon- 

 gated : corolla about 2.5 cm. broad: fruit oblong, about 1.5 cm. long. 



In dry soil, Arkansas and Louisiana. Spring. 



22. Rubus trivialis Michx. An evergreen trailing or procumbent shrub, with 

 prickle-armed and more or less bristly stems 1-2 m. long, the flowering branches erect, usu- 

 ally 2-10 cm. tall, the prickles hooked. Leaves often numerous, 3-foliolate or rarely 5- 

 foliolate : blades of the leaflets thickish, elliptic or oval, or sometimes ovate-lanceolate, 

 sharply serrate, the terminal one often cuneate at the base : flowers usually solitary : sepals 

 ovate to oval or lanceolate : petals white, broadly or narrowly obovate, 10-12 mm. long : 

 fruit oblong, 2.5 cm. long, black, sweet and juicy. 



In sandy soil, Virginia south to Florida and Texas. Spring. 



23. Rubus persistens Rydb. Similar to R. trivialis in habit, but the flowering 

 branches more leafy and terminated by several-flowered corymbs, the stems prickle-armed, 

 the prickles somewhat flattened and more or less recurved. Leaves 3-foliolate : blades of the 

 leaflets thickish, the terminal ones cuneate, oblong-obovate or oblong-lanceolate, 1.5-4 

 cm. long, all glabrous or sparingly pubescent about the veins beneath, serrate or slightly 

 incised-serrate : flowering branches armed like the stem, terminated by several-flowered 

 corymbs : corolla 2-2.5 cm. broad : fruit oblong. 



In sandy soil. South Carolina to Florida and Mississippi. Spring. 



24. Rubus rubris^tus Rydb. An evergreen shrub, the stems trailing, 6-12 dm. 

 long, prickly and densely clothed with red or purplish bristles. Leaves 5-foliolate or on 

 flowering branches sometimes 3-foliolate : blades of the leaflets thick, obovate or oval, 2-6 

 cm. long, acute or acuminate, smooth and shining, dentate with broad teeth : inflorescence 

 bristly and prickly : flowers 3-7 in each corymb : sepals ovate, with short subulate tips : 

 corolla 1.5-2.5 cm. wide. 



In sandy soil, Missouri to Louisiana. Winter and spring. 



7. DRYMOCALLIS Fourr. 



Perennial caulescent herbs, with villous or viscid foliage. Leaves alternate : blades 

 pinnate. Flowers in irregular cymes. Hypanthium nearly flat. Sepals 5, accompanied 

 by bractlets. Corolla yellow or white. Petals not notched. Stairens 20-30, in 5 clusters 

 on the thickened margin of the 5-angled disk around the hemispneric receptacle. Pistils 

 numerous : style basal, usually thickened near the middle. Seed orthotropous, ascending 

 from its attachment near the base of the .style. 



1. Drymocallis arguta (Pursh) Rydb. Stems stout, 3-10 dm. tall, glandular and 



villous. Basal leaves with pinnately 7-11-foliolate blades ; leaflets ovate, oval or rhombic, 



obtuse and sharply incised-serrate, the terminal one cuneate at the base : stem-leaves 



much reduced : flowers in dense cymes : sepals ovate, acute : corolla white, 10-18 mm. 



broad : achenes glabrous. 



On dry or rocky hills. New Brunswick to the Rocky Mountain region, Tennessee and Kansas. 

 Summer. 



8. SIBBALDIOPSIS Rydb. 

 Low perennial caulescent shrubby plants, with horizontal rootstocks and short caudices. 

 Leaves alternate : blades 3-foliolate, petioled : leaflets leathery, the blades broadened up- 



