SAPINDACEAE 743 



ing before the leaves : staminate in drooping clusters : pistillate in racemes : fruit droop- 

 ing : samaras light green, 2.5-3.5 cm. long, the wings more or less incurved. [Negundo 

 aceroides Moench.] 



In low grounds and along streams, Ontario to Minnesota, Florida, Texas and Mexico. Spring. 



2. RulacTexana (Pax) Small. A tree, resembling B. Negundo. Twigs copiously pu- 

 bescent with very fine hairs : leaves pubescent ; petioles clothed with fine hairs ; leaflets 

 smaller than those of the preceding species but thicker and lobed. {Acer Texcma Pax.] 



Along or near rivers, Saskatchewan to Manitoba, Texas and New Mexico. Spring. 



Family 13. SAPINDACEAE R.Br. Soapberry Family. 



Shrubs or trees, with erect or climbing stems. Leaves opposite or alternate, 

 usually with stipules : blades simple, pinnately-compound, or sometimes 1- 

 foliolate : leaflets commonly opposite. Inflorescence racemose, paniculate or 

 corymbose. Flowers dioecious, polygamous, polygamo-dioecious, or rarely per- 

 fect. Calyx of 4 or 5 imbricated sepals in 1 or 2 series. Disk entire or lobed. 

 Corolla of 4-5 petals, or wanting. Androecium of 5 or 8-15 stamens, inserted 

 on the disk. Filaments distinct or rarely united below. Anthers introrse, 

 sometimes versatile. Gynoecium of 2-4 more or less united carpels. Ovary 

 3-celled or 2-4-celled. Styles partially united. Stigmas capitate or lobed. 

 Ovules solitary or several, anatropous or half-anatropous, horizontal or some- 

 what ascending or pendulous. Fruit a leathery or membranous capsule, or berry- 

 like. Seeds 1 or several in each cavity, with a bony leathery or crustaceous 

 testa. Endosperm thin, fleshy, or wanting. 



Vines : fruit septicidal or septifragal. 



Fruit of 3 samaroid carpels : tendrils wanting. 



Leaf-blades ternate. 1. Urvillea. 



Leaf-blades biternate. 2. Serjania. 



Fruit of inflated capsules : tendrils present. 3, Cardiospermum. 



Shrubs or trees : fruit baccate, or if dehiscent, loculicidal. 

 Fruit baccate, not stalked : flowers regular. 



Ovules solitary in each cavity. 4. Sapindus. 



Ovules 2 in each cavity. 



Ovary 2-celled : ovules collateral : leaflets 2, 4 or 6. 5. Exothea. 



Ovary 3-celled : ovules superposed : leaflets 3. 6. Hypelate. 



Fruit a leathery loculicidally 3-valved capsule, stalked. 



Flowers regular : ovules solitary in each cavity of the ovary. 7. Cupania. 



Flowers irregular : ovules 2 in each cavity^of the ovary. 8. Unguadia. 



1. URVILLEA H.B.K. 



Chiefly tropical American shrubs or twining vines, with tendrils. Leaves alternate, 

 stipulate : blades 3-foliolate ; leaflets often punctate. Flowers whitish, irregular, polyg- 

 amo-dioecious, on jointed stalks. Sepals usually 5, imbricated, the outer ones smaller 

 than the inner. Petals often 4, appendaged. Disk one-sided, produced into 4 glands oppo- 

 site the 2 smaller petals. Stamens 8, declined. Filaments distinct or united at the base. 

 Ovary eccentric, 3-celled : styles united to above the middle. Ovules 1 in each cavity 

 attached about the middle of the axis. Fruit consisting of 3 samaras attached by their 

 backs, each bearing a seed at the middle. Endosperm wanting. 



1. Urvillea ulmacea H.B.K. A shrubby tomentose climber. Leaves numerous, 

 petioled : leaflets 3, the blades ovate or oval, obtuse, acute or acuminate, 1-5 cm. long, 

 doubly serrate and often incised : racemes 3-10 cm. long : sepals oblong or obovate, the 3 

 inner twice as long as the outer 2 : petals obovate, about as long as the inner sepals, con- 

 cave, crisped, the scales villous hooded, about J as long as the petals : stamens as long as 

 the petals : samaras very thin, obovate or oval in outline, 2-2.5 cm. long : seeds obovoid, 

 2.5-3 mm. long, black, smooth and shining. [U. Mexicana A. Gray.] 



On plains and prairies, southern Texas and Mexico. Spring to winter. Also in Central America 

 and Colombia. 



2. SERJANIA Plum. 



Mostly tropical American climbing or twining shrubs. Leaves alternate : blades 



biternate : leaflets toothed or lobed, somewhat punctate. Flowers yellowish, irregular 



polygamous, in axillary racemes or panicles often furnished with 2 tendrils. Sepals 5, 2 



sometimes more or less united, imbricated. Petals 4, appendaged. Disk usually wavy or 



